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Can you see that?

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Okay, very good.

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Now in full screen Yeah,

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it's perfect. Thank you.

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Okay, good. So thank you first to Alina,
for this wonderful segue into my talk,

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which was premeditated. And I'd like to
just thank the organizers for the

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invitation and of course for the
opportunity to still carry on with this

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with this conference and really would like
to compliment them on how nice it's been

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and how well organized everything has been
so far. So I'd like to tell you a bit

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about progress, the status, of course, and
progress and some perspectives on the left

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and in particular in the quest for for new
physics. Okay, so, we find ourselves sort

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of 10 years in 10 years since the start of
marriage. One, one, and no real clear sign

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of new physics so far, of course. And
we've just seen that play out lots of very

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nice summaries from from the first two
talks in this session. And I think it's

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fair to say that direct searches have
somewhat saturated this this energy

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frontier capacity that we're all very much
looking forward to, and when we switched

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on, see, so unfortunately, I also picked
the Atlas summary plot that was not

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coordinated. And I probably feel a bit bad
about that. But actually, the CMS one is

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in the backup of the slides. And this
again, just showing that the energy scale

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that is being probed broadly by by the
experiment. So what can we kind of draw

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from this information or at least start to
speculate about the bsm? Well, we could

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say perhaps it's too weakly coupled. So
somehow we're rate limited, and this is

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quite optimistic in the sense that we have
room for improvement. We can collect more

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data still 20 times more data to count,
let's not forget. So So this is one

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avenue. Another one, of course, is that
it's just too exotic. So we haven't really

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been looking in the right place yet. And
this is also very positive, because it's

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just we're really just limited by our own
creativity and of course, person power.

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And therefore, it's our job as theorists
and experimentalists to motivate and

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enable these these searches for new and
exotic signatures. The last case is when

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the SM is too heavy, and therefore is
kinematically out of reach from a

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Collider. And that's kind of the worst
case scenario from the from the direct

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search point of view. But of course, this
then just moves us into the business of

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indirect searches. And so this is, of
course, the reminder that direct searches

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aren't just the only thing that we're
doing with the nhc. In fact, we've really,

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it's also worth remembering that we've
kind of achieved the number one objective

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of this machine, which is, of course,
discovering the Higgs and we're really in

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the midst of a very huge program of
printing. measurements, Standard Model

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interactions all the way up to the TV
scale. And it's really thanks to the

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efforts of all of us as a community
internationally at the LSE can also be

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used now as a precision machine. And the
big question, or at least one of the big

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questions is, of course, what's the origin
of the electroweak scale. And I think one

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of the clear places that one can look is
in the interactions among the key players

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in this game. So by that, I mean, expose
on the electronic age persons in the top.

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And I think a very positive statement
about this situation that we're in is that

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sort of, independently of the outcome of
any of direct searches for new physics, a

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really big part of the LFC legacy going
forward is going to be this big, precise

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set of measurements on the interactions
that govern these. These guys here is the

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sector. And so for the gauge and Higgs
part, I want to emphasize that that we

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really want to test all the components of
the Higgs field in the sense that the

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Goldstone modes also kind of mixed
together with with the gauge bosons via

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and become the longitudinal modes. And
this is, I think, a very interesting

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avenue to to carry on testing. And on the
other side we have, of course, the top

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Quark which we know, being most strongly
coupled to the Higgs is very special. And

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this has strong implications for the SM
and of course, on top of the fact that the

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LSAT is the top factor in giving us even
more reason to to look into this guy. So,

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we've already kind of reached this shift
of paradigm over the last 10 years from

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these direct bump hands, to thinking more
about these indirect searches of looking

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into tails. And this, of course, connects
with the fact that we have reason to

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believe that new physics may well be
heavy. And I think the language or

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framework that really marries these
concepts of potentially having new

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physics, high energy, but precision
measurements is really the Standard Model

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EFT or the Smith as I will often refer to
it in the rest of this talk. And broadly

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speaking, it's a parameter space that
encode encodes the parameter space for

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BST. interactions between standard law
particles.

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And in many ways, it's kind of like a
version two of the standard model. We kind

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of accept then that we have access to just
this low energy effective description,

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where new physics is somehow integrated
out at the highest scale. And the Standard

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Model, what we call the standard model is
just all the sets of operators that go up

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to dimension four canonical dimension
four. And then this DFT by denoted by this

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schematic sum over here is just this tower
of operators of higher mass dimension. The

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only rules here are that we work with the
building blocks in the standard model. And

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that for the smacked itself, we actually
assume this linear electroweak symmetry

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breaking so the Higgs is a doublet. And of
course, we respect the gauge symmetries of

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the standard model. And I just wanted to
stress here that this is more than just a

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parameterization of ignorance. It's quite
unlike the so called anomalous couplings,

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framework in the sense that it's an order
by order normalizable quantum field theory

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that just happens to have this finite
Energy range denoted by this cut off. And

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on top of that, where it possesses this
well defined matching procedure that

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systematically improvable where one can
connect concrete models of new physics as

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long as it's heavy to these rules and
coefficients of these different operators

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here. So one very kind of crucial aspect
of looking for the phenomenology of

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standard model. EFT is this notion of
energy growth. And so, very broadly

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speaking, high dimensional operators
equate to energy growth. And if you think

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about just a generic insertion of some
dimension six operators say into here to

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to to amplitude, or indeed any kind of
amplitude, you expect to get different

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types of effects. On the left here denoted
by this green box are kind of these

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constant effects, which are like shifts
that proportional to the square of lambda

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squared, and they rescale Standard Model
rates. And so that means that rate

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measurements, they're going to be in the
domain of rate measurements in terms of

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constraining these types of effects, and
then these are the ones which eventually

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will become systematics dominated as a
lifetime as the NHD progresses. On the

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other hand on the right, these purple ones
are the new kinds of effects, which can go

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up to a squared in the case of dimension
six with respect to the standard model.

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And so these are increasingly will
increasingly be better and better

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constrained by high energy measurements.
And we can somehow keep on going to higher

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higher energies or finer and finer
buildings. And so we can always be in a

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limit where we can improve as we collect
more velocity. So this is kind of a very

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nice, systematically improvable process
that we can pursue for improving our

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understanding of these high dimensional
parameters of the standard model. The

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story is slightly complicated by the
interference structure of the dimension

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six effects with the Standard Model,
because of course, in order to get a cross

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section, I've got a squares amplitude, and
that's going to induce terms of higher

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order. So one and under fourth. And in
fact, this pattern of energy growth and

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different symmetries can end up mixing
this naive hierarchy of the spmt

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expansion. And this is coupled to the fact
that dimensioning operators are generally

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not studied in a framework. So, so one has
to approach each problem individually, I

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think. So the smacked of course is trying
as much as it can to be model independent.

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And so the only real requirement here is
that somehow you'll be assemblages above

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the scale of your experiment. On top of
that, we don't know a priori which

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operators your new physics is going to
generate. So it's really bottom up in

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nature, and therefore, that really calls
for a global approach. And so I would say

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the ultimate goal in terms of the left is
this complete likelihood of the general

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left, which as you well know, contains
many, many parameters even at dimension

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six. And so of course, we start small and
we start with realistic subsets of

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measurements and operators, and hopefully
exploiting symmetries along the way to

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kind of structure the way in which we
compartmentalize our parameter space.

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I think that the long shutdown, the second
long shutdown that we're in right now is

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really an opportune time of course, to
take stock right? I mean, there are legacy

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papers coming out now with a full run to
data set, as we've been seeing for the

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last few days. And I think a Smith fit is
really a fantastic benchmarking and data

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preservation exercise that is very worth
doing. It kind of takes a step back and

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ask the question, where do we stand? how
sensitive are we in all these directions?

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And also, where would be good to look
next, so that there's much progress in

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lots of directions. And I think it's very
good to have several groups working in

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parallel in terms of fits. And I think my
prediction is that I expect many, many

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fifth papers to be coming out in the next
year or so. So let me focus on a couple of

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interesting bits of progress in these
directions. So the first one I wanted to

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mention, starting with the electronic
precision observables is this paper, which

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came out since the last nacp edition where
the full QC D and electroweak corrections

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to the Zed and W poll observables were
computed and so this is really the first

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complete nll left fit result, to my
knowledge in the sense that they really do

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all the cool the lip corrections possible.
With all the dependence on the relevant

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operators, and then go and do a little
statistical analysis of what the

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implications are. So at leading order you
have 10 operators in particular basis, the

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Vasa basis, and but you're only
constrained eight directions, this is a

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well known fact. And of course, now these
guys have shown that when you go to nll,

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that number of operators goes up to 32.
Although you also do have to additional

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new constraints. But the point is that
before leading order was very almost self

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contained in the blind directions could
quite easily be closed just by adding a

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couple of bits of Higgs or dipoles on
data, but I didn't allow another fit is

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nowhere near self contained. And so one
really has to to combine more measurements

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to actually be able to make make a precise
statement here. And I just show here a

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couple of figures just saying that
basically the order of the corrections is

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something like 20 30% in terms of when you
look at critical subset, a closed subset

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of operators and the impact of these
corrections. So this is very interesting

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progress, which hopefully will Progress
percolate to the full sector of Smith's

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interactions as we go towards the end of
the lifetime of the nhc. In terms of the

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combined and Higgs electroweak
measurements, I picked out this paper,

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it's not brand new. But it's a quite a
kind of a comprehensive combination of lab

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and LLC 112 data, where they use this
flavor universal assumption, so no flavor

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structure and in different bionic
interactions, which is kind of a standard

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way to reduce your parameter space. And it
also was one of the early ones to include

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some differential information for the
Higgs in the form of the stage one sex,

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simplified template cross section
measurements of Higgs production as well

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as some IPT divers on stuff. And so here,
they just do some nice statistical stuff

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where they quantify the impact of adding
run to data, you see that you can get some

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order one effects there. And on the right
of course, you have this naive

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interpretation where you invert the
constraint and turn it into And energy

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scale to kind of have an idea of what
types of scales that one might access with

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this, of course, depends on the value of c
that that makes you But in general, one

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can see that TVs are kind of being
potentially accessed. But the real reason

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I picked this paper actually is because
they take a next step where they actually

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map to your view models, which I think is
very interesting. Here I just show an

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example that they took of two dimensional
models of some scalar and actually triplet

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resonance as well as the vector length or
doublet and you can see that you can

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really easily map these to UV models. And
I think, although fit results are for me

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especially interesting and useful in and
of themselves, and the real interpretation

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starts here. And we don't really have much
of an excuse because the CV matching is

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almost done for us now, there exists a
complete tree level dictionary for all

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possible models up to that generate them
six operators, and there are many much

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progresses is going on in this universal
one loop corrective action direction where

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one can provide a similar dictionary at
one And I think one, one thing that's

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worth mentioning is that UV
interpretations are concrete models,

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they'll usually involve subsets of the
full basis to the parameter space isn't

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going to be as big. There'll be
correlations between the various wisdom

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coefficients, etc. So when you look at
lively look at the results of the fit, one

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should bear in mind that if once you plug
a real model in your constraints are

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actually likely to be a little bit better.
One thing that's important as well is that

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you really need to retain the full
likelihood enabled in order to be able to

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do this in a kind of agile and flexible
manner.

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The next thing I just wanted to point out
quickly is this more recent work, where

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actually this flavor assumption was
reduced. So it's a quite a similar

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exercise to the previous one. But I think
it only uses signal strength. But in the

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end, the cool thing that they did there
was that they didn't say that we have this

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live universal assumption and, and so you
increase of course, a bit the parameter

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space, and they even did quite a nice
interpretation in terms of a custodial

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vector trip. Hello again, were here, you
see that, again, multi TV types of

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interactions are potentially being
accessed, which is quite promising.

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Another thing that I wanted to load them
for was that this, that they make the

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results in likelihood available publicly
available through this smelly tool, which

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is a global smash likelihood tool, which
can be found here. And I think it's one of

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these very important efforts that's going
on towards everyone being able to clump

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together to go towards this false myth
likelihood. Here, I just wanted to flash

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some results in the top sector. Again,
this is not brand new. But one of the

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important advances in this work here is
that the studies including analog CCD

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effects for the top processes, and so here
again, I just do this naive interpretation

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here on the scale and you can see that
perhaps the order of sensitivity in the

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top sector is a little bit weaker on the
right and a bit stronger on the left and

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there's actually a clear split between the
operators that are constrained by Tiki Bar

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and single top which are of course To
stick through which processes of the LFC

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towards the more rare top modes on the
right, like ttv, single top, let's see

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four top anti TPP. So there's quite a
hierarchy of sensitivity in the sector.

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And one other interesting thing that was
done in this paper was was that they

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assess the impact of these quadratic terms
that I mentioned in the cross section. And

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in fact, you can see that in some cases,
the the blue one, which is linear only, so

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only one over lambda squared terms, some
of the constraints disappear. So you

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really see that because some of them are
completely dominated by quadratic effects

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in some cases, and this is something which
needs to be looked at a bit more closely.

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And finally, I think I just wanted to
mention the experiments because they are

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really starting to get into the game and
thews e Azzam for this model has really

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percolated down quite strongly to the
community. And I think this is great.

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There are too many results to cover here.
And I just wanted to flash some results

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for one honorable sort of one Higgs
example here, which is stss measurements,

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although I do want to give an honorable
mention to the top Experiments community

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which have been leading the way a lot of
the time in this, this method

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interpretation. Typically, of course, the
experimental results when they do fits,

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they'll consider slightly smaller
parameters basis, but but on the other

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side, they have a better handle on the
uncertainties and the correlations etc. So

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I think this is a really valuable added
information in terms of this ultimate goal

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that I keep going on about. So going
forward, I think it's worth just saying,

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you know, fits aren't really that fun.
It's something of a slog in many cases of

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creating new data, curating the data that
you're going to add in, etc. And there are

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lots of gotchas, you've got to be aware of
statistical overlap correlations, etc. And

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I think it st access are really a perfect
kind of controlled evolution towards being

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able to combine fully differential data
and they're definitely going to be

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included in the next generation of fits.
Of course, I find that there are very good

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compromise in terms of ease of
interpretability but also global

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sensitivity. When Of course, one caveat
Bear in mind there is a, there's some

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system model assumptions that go into
extracting these numbers. And so I think

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it'll be important to keep quantifying To
what extent those are actually important.

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And another thing, which I think is was
good that was done recently was to

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actually study the information content in
terms of being able to constrain this

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math. So in this paper, these guys
actually looked at wh, and did compared

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the sensitivity to some kind of idealized
statistical ideal and and were able to

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actually show that by making some kind of
slight improvement to the bins, one could

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get a bit closer to this perfect
information. And so this is a nice sort of

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back and forth going on here between the
experiments and the phenomenology

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community with regards to this stuff. So
defined simply cross sections. So if we

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just look today and say, what's going on
in this map with what we know?

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Well, of course, we really want to make
the interpretations and say, well, what's

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the what's the upshot for real new physics
models and of course, this is where the

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Model independence of this math
disappears. So by construction when you

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interpret the result, it's model
dependent. There's nothing you can do

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about that. And especially so the validity
of the EFT the implications on your models

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is all a posteriori. So you've got to go
away, do your constraints first, then

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check what's going on in the model. And so
that really inherently depends on the

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sensitivity of your measurement and also
the energy scale that you used to probe

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the interactions. And of course, we don't
know what the new physics scale is, it's a

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bottom up thing and so on one side, you
have the CEO of a lambda, which is

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arbitrary dimension for parameter, and on
the other you have some coupling of mass

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scale new physics. So you cannot you can
just imagine that if you make some

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constraint on this quantity C of a lambda
squared, this would represent itself in

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some kind of line in the parameter space
between the coupling and the mass. And,

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and you can come at it from different ways
in terms of what's a valid interpretation.

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Well, at some point, your coupling becomes
too large and you can't really make

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predictions for what the rules will go
It's bounded from above. And it's also

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bounded from the fact that if you assume a
certain value for the mass scale, then you

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better not have used data that that was at
that energy. So there's a lower bound on

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the mass scale. And so you kind of have
this line of valid region of parameter

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space. So it's quite difficult to make
general statements here. But I think it's

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fair to say that we're probing TV scale
physics. Although there are hierarchies

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and sensitivity of various measurements,
and of course, as you go to moderate to

263
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strong coupling scenarios upwards along
this line, then you're most safe from this

264
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validity worry of being too close to the
energy scale of your measure. However, I

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think generic noobs I think you're saying
I have 45 minutes left. Okay, generic new

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physics and loops doesn't look
challenging. But concrete models should be

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better constrained, as I said. And of
course, as we widen our parameter space,

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our sensitivity can potentially go down,
but we should certainly widen it enough to

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test realistic models. So I think that's
kind of the next step here. I think that's

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why a motivation, the motivation for the
next step will really be to combine top

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Higgs electric measurements. I think a lot
of there's a conspicuous split that has

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been between these two sectors up until
now, but I think these kinds of results

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are really going to be hot off the press
very, very shortly. And in fact, there's a

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talk on Friday by Peter gala who's you may
well give us some some results there. So

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yeah, this is really the motivation that
if we want to understand the week scale,

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we should try and make a swift fit about
all the parameters that affect the

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particles that are most important in this
electric symmetry breaking sector. And in

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fact, there are very interesting processes
that are being measured like Tth, red top

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production, single top plus z four top.
All these things are going to be

280
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interesting to combine all together,
although it's somewhat unclear to what

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extent these two sectors will talk beyond
Tth. Although of course, we know that top

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measurements are important for things like
x production. So I just wanted to flash a

283
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few other interesting results. in various
directions, one thing was left in the

284
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PDFs. So can the PDF extraction procedure
absorb new physics effects, there's, of

285
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course, lots of data being used to pin
these quantities down. And in this work,

286
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they perform a proof of concept using GIS
data and including some operators, which

287
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would potentially affect the extraction of
those quantities, and showed that indeed,

288
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there is some impact when you either fix
the PDFs or do simultaneous extraction of

289
00:21:26,940 --> 00:21:29,850
recoveries in the PDF. And even in some
cases, you can actually get a better fit

290
00:21:29,910 --> 00:21:33,840
in the standard model using these four
fermion interactions. And there's a

291
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related issue to mention in passing is
also alpha SS often is part so PDF

292
00:21:39,780 --> 00:21:43,140
determinations are part of the
determination of the strong coupling

293
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parameter. And this is something which
hasn't really been discussed in general

294
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for what's the impact of Smith on on the
alpha s parameter that we actually use in

295
00:21:50,880 --> 00:21:55,710
all of our calculations. This other one is
interesting where they started looking at

296
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combining high energy data with flavor in
a kind of coherent way where Even if you

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assume that there's no flavor violation in
your DFT coefficients, if you put put

298
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loops of W's in there, for example, you
start to induce this violation at one

299
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loop. And since those low energy
measurements like BDK and mixing are so

300
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sensitive, one can actually get
complimentary information. And they found

301
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five new constraint directions when they
go from the Smith down to this week

302
00:22:22,260 --> 00:22:26,070
effective theory, which is kind of it's a
no energy cousin, down to the flavor

303
00:22:26,070 --> 00:22:30,030
experiments and found that there's really
some new information that to be gained.

304
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And I'm personally interested in the
impact of top data it's in this direction.

305
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Loop technology has been improving here.
They there's been a lot of people some

306
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thinking about what's the impact of
particularly top electroweak interactions

307
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in loops, because these are the ones which
are sort of not very well measured. And so

308
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there's a body of work here, which is very
interesting and finds some competitive

309
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sensitivity. There's a talk tomorrow by
two Martini on the titty bar one and so

310
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that's good, too. Competitive sensitivity
but on the other side, we start to get

311
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lots more parameter directions that could
lead to problems will be marginalized.

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Here is a slide about tools. So the
technology for these loops is kind of

313
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automated now and there are some
interesting results going on in process

314
00:23:18,330 --> 00:23:22,770
dependent calculations and implementations
using such as power hag and of course this

315
00:23:22,770 --> 00:23:28,410
this method and Alo two which is an
automated framework for Minecraft. And so,

316
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I probably just skip these just to say
that we have some preliminary results for

317
00:23:32,070 --> 00:23:36,630
di and try those on and we're going to
very very soon have have a paper out on

318
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this and the tool is already public,
although it doesn't include the for for

319
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real operators yet but everything else,
you know your Smith for the electroweak

320
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symmetry breaking sector is there with the
capacity to do process independent reading

321
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or QC calculations. And this is also
especially relevant for things like glue

322
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on productions, fusion, so Higgs
productions on fusion where of course The

323
00:24:00,210 --> 00:24:05,100
leading order for the standard model this
is this is a one loop effect. And so you

324
00:24:05,100 --> 00:24:08,730
know, once you start modifying all these
guys, you, it's better to start actually

325
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including the loops once you start to look
at, for example x plus jet, where you

326
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start with a IPT region where this
infinite top max limit might actually

327
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break down. I wanted to say something
about dimension eight, probably I'll just

328
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say, I've just spent 10 seconds on it. Up
until now, we just knew how many operators

329
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there were. But very recently, two papers
came out on the same day and wrote down

330
00:24:32,820 --> 00:24:37,410
the complete dimensions eight basis and
that's 45,000 operators encoded in 1000,

331
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some grudging terms. So this does pave the
way for kind of explicit studies. But of

332
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course, we're talking very large numbers
here. And I just wanted to also mention

333
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that positivity constraints are also
applicable on these dimensional operators,

334
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and that's something which has been
evolving quite fast in recent months. The

335
00:24:55,110 --> 00:24:58,650
last thing I wanted to talk about is this
idea of how can it be improved with with

336
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increasing statistics So, generically
speaking,

337
00:25:03,179 --> 00:25:04,229
time is out.

338
00:25:04,829 --> 00:25:06,869
Okay, just want let me just say one thing,
then

339
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high energy we said is something good for
looking for this math, but in fact, I just

340
00:25:13,949 --> 00:25:18,869
wanted to point out that high multiplicity
is also another way in which we can try

341
00:25:18,869 --> 00:25:24,809
and guarantee energy growth in our swift
amplitudes. And so, things like rare

342
00:25:24,839 --> 00:25:30,749
electric top production, with more final
states in in conjunction with with weak

343
00:25:30,749 --> 00:25:35,759
bosons, longitudinal in particular are
interesting. And also for the Higgs case

344
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where you have operators that modify his
signal strings. This also can be tested in

345
00:25:42,809 --> 00:25:45,959
different ways by looking at particularly
the longitudinal content of the Higgs

346
00:25:45,959 --> 00:25:50,309
field, longitudinal gauge bosons and lots
of processes with more final states that

347
00:25:50,309 --> 00:25:54,299
probe the same operations that affect the
Higgs signal strengths, and there are some

348
00:25:54,839 --> 00:25:59,159
Exploratory Studies going on with that. So
I think it's worth stayed staying tuned

349
00:25:59,159 --> 00:26:03,779
for those So let me conclude to just say
that this method is really truly well

350
00:26:03,779 --> 00:26:06,989
established in the hip community now
particularly for the dimension six side.

351
00:26:08,549 --> 00:26:12,149
And we're on the path to really measuring
these dimensions, six parameters and

352
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standard model and extending the reach of
the LFC. Beyond the nominal energy, and I

353
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hope that I've shown you that the multi TV
scale is within reach. And I think the

354
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next step is to start looking at more
realistic models. And there's much work to

355
00:26:25,109 --> 00:26:28,949
do, but the tools are available. There's
progress in many directions. And this is

356
00:26:28,949 --> 00:26:33,269
going to be a big part of the NFC legacy.
And so let's continue to look at high

357
00:26:33,269 --> 00:26:35,939
energy and multiplicity and

358
00:26:37,350 --> 00:26:40,890
and as a run but as a roadmap for the
future. So thank you very much.

359
00:26:41,730 --> 00:26:43,110
Thank you very much can

360
00:26:44,760 --> 00:26:51,630
so there's not much time but of course
there will be enough for questions. I see

361
00:26:51,630 --> 00:26:59,040
one race and yes mean if you can identify
yourself, please go ahead.

362
00:26:59,700 --> 00:27:07,560
Hi. Can you hear me? Yes, I can. Okay. So
I'm using from ij. C lab is the new name

363
00:27:07,590 --> 00:27:11,400
of my lab. So I have just a couple of
question. And thank you for the very nice

364
00:27:11,400 --> 00:27:16,950
talk. So just before you mentioned the
global Fitz, I did not write down the

365
00:27:16,950 --> 00:27:21,480
slide number. You mentioned it
interferences, which seemed to make your

366
00:27:21,480 --> 00:27:27,060
life complicated if you could elaborate on
that. Yes. Maybe I can ask my second

367
00:27:27,060 --> 00:27:34,140
question. Right. And then later on, in
slide 14, you mentioned the interpretation

368
00:27:34,140 --> 00:27:40,650
that you were doing was a naive one. And I
was just wondering if this was because you

369
00:27:40,650 --> 00:27:45,570
were making assumptions on the kind of on
the values of the couplings that you were

370
00:27:45,570 --> 00:27:46,260
dealing with?

371
00:27:46,410 --> 00:27:49,170
Okay, let me answer the second question
first, because it's very easy, the answer

372
00:27:49,170 --> 00:27:54,690
is yes. So, so, you know, naive because
the energy scale and the size of the

373
00:27:54,720 --> 00:27:58,020
Wilson coefficients are completely
degenerate. So you can't say anything

374
00:27:58,020 --> 00:28:01,590
about the energy scale unless you fix
them. We have a couple of so that's model

375
00:28:01,590 --> 00:28:05,160
dependent, you've kind of made the
assumption. So it's naive in that sense.

376
00:28:05,280 --> 00:28:08,850
So typically what people do in their mind
is that they set a couple into one. And so

377
00:28:08,850 --> 00:28:09,570
that's what this

378
00:28:10,920 --> 00:28:14,580
y axis would correspond to in terms of
energy scale, if you if you set the

379
00:28:14,580 --> 00:28:15,390
coupling to one

380
00:28:17,160 --> 00:28:22,170
the question about interference is a
little bit more involved. But an important

381
00:28:22,170 --> 00:28:25,890
thing perhaps actually, the the relevant
slide is I kind of skipped over it, but

382
00:28:25,890 --> 00:28:31,410
the relevant slide is actually later on.
Were here. So even though so basically

383
00:28:31,410 --> 00:28:34,710
putting in an operator into an amputee
doesn't necessarily guarantee that it

384
00:28:34,830 --> 00:28:39,330
grows with energy. And that's because it
was shown that in general, for example,

385
00:28:39,330 --> 00:28:43,470
for to any kind of scattering, which
doesn't involve a longitudinal gauge goes

386
00:28:43,470 --> 00:28:48,540
on. So at least involves one transverse
gauge burrs on all of the dimension six

387
00:28:48,540 --> 00:28:52,230
amplitudes do not interfere with the
standard model at height in the high

388
00:28:52,230 --> 00:28:56,430
energy limit. So the Masterson so somehow
the olicity structures are the kinds of

389
00:28:56,430 --> 00:29:00,000
amplitudes that this method likes to
generate and the ones that the standard

390
00:29:00,000 --> 00:29:04,470
Has, they actually don't like to talk to
each other. And so oftentimes you find

391
00:29:04,470 --> 00:29:09,120
that, that this interference, where you
expect the leading term in this expansion

392
00:29:09,120 --> 00:29:13,920
to occur is actually suppressed by some
kind of higher reason. Sometimes it's, you

393
00:29:13,920 --> 00:29:17,940
know, color structure. Sometimes it's the
solidity selection. And so it's a bit this

394
00:29:17,940 --> 00:29:21,960
naive expectation that the most dominant
effect always comes at one over lambda

395
00:29:21,960 --> 00:29:26,880
squared. And dim six is not always the
case, especially at the nhc, where we have

396
00:29:26,880 --> 00:29:27,600
very high energy.

397
00:29:30,330 --> 00:29:35,700
It's very, he said, the absence of
interferences is due to the dimension of

398
00:29:35,700 --> 00:29:38,220
the operators that you are doing, not just
that, no,

399
00:29:38,429 --> 00:29:43,139
yes. So in this paper, they showed that
for all kinds of dem six operators, it

400
00:29:43,139 --> 00:29:46,649
just so happened that if you look at the
mathematical sort of the structure of the

401
00:29:46,649 --> 00:29:50,729
amplitude that they generate, in terms of
the cities and the particles, it doesn't

402
00:29:50,729 --> 00:29:54,599
match up with the Standard Model once and
so somehow it just, it just doesn't like

403
00:29:54,599 --> 00:29:58,379
to interfere just to kind of on first
principles grounds in a high energy limit.

404
00:29:59,189 --> 00:30:04,169
But they put it there. Prove that for
dimension six to two. Whereas it so that

405
00:30:04,169 --> 00:30:08,069
that's sort of the limit. So you for two
to three scatterings. It's a bit different

406
00:30:08,069 --> 00:30:10,439
for dimension eight, it's also a bit
different.

407
00:30:12,240 --> 00:30:17,610
Okay, so if I were to take something away
the dimension, but also the time the type

408
00:30:17,700 --> 00:30:20,010
of processes which are distinct? Yes.

409
00:30:20,430 --> 00:30:25,290
So so it's a type of process. And indeed,
just because one operator doesn't give you

410
00:30:25,290 --> 00:30:28,380
energy growing interference in one
scattering doesn't mean that it won't do

411
00:30:28,380 --> 00:30:31,710
it for another one. So you really have to
be as broad as possible. And look,

412
00:30:31,710 --> 00:30:32,100
everybody.

413
00:30:34,200 --> 00:30:35,700
Thank you. Thanks.

414
00:30:39,180 --> 00:30:45,060
I don't see any more raise hands. I think
that this is a thank you again for this

415
00:30:45,060 --> 00:30:50,730
presentation. And it's very good to see
all these tools coming out and also being

416
00:30:51,150 --> 00:30:55,560
more accessible to experimentalists. I
would, I would have questions for you, but

417
00:30:55,560 --> 00:31:04,140
then we go too long. So we will Want to
thank all the speakers of this session

418
00:31:04,140 --> 00:31:07,920
because this is the last talk of the
afternoon and