1 00:00:00,539 --> 00:00:05,459 Okay, so Hello, everybody. First of all, I would like to thank the organizers for 2 00:00:05,459 --> 00:00:10,169 setting up this online conference. And I hope very much that we will see each other 3 00:00:10,169 --> 00:00:14,519 in person next year in Paris. And then I would like to thank them for giving me the 4 00:00:14,519 --> 00:00:19,409 opportunity to talk about the Higgs as a portal to new physics, and what is the 5 00:00:19,409 --> 00:00:26,399 role that console fits play in this context. So let me see how I am. So Ivan, 6 00:00:26,399 --> 00:00:31,289 first talk, introduce the Standard Model effective theory, then have a talk about 7 00:00:31,289 --> 00:00:36,899 how effective operators change the topics interface before moving on to the global 8 00:00:36,929 --> 00:00:41,549 analysis. I will talk about the effect of effective operators in Higgs power 9 00:00:41,549 --> 00:00:46,439 production, and I'll be finished with a reality check. So with a comparison of 10 00:00:47,069 --> 00:00:53,579 this specific UV complete models, now one of the main goals of the LSE is to search 11 00:00:53,579 --> 00:00:58,259 for new physics. This can be done either in a model dependent way by looking 12 00:00:58,259 --> 00:01:02,969 directly for new particles. As they are predicted, for example, by supersymmetry, 13 00:01:03,389 --> 00:01:09,059 I can be done indirectly in a rather model independent way, by looking for deviations 14 00:01:09,059 --> 00:01:14,549 from the Standard Model couplings. So far, the only new particle that has been 15 00:01:14,549 --> 00:01:19,559 discovered is the Higgs boson. And there's no other direct discovery of new physics 16 00:01:19,559 --> 00:01:24,929 so far. so in this situation, we have to ask ourselves how we can use Higgs Fitz, 17 00:01:25,019 --> 00:01:30,539 or the Higgs sector to access new physics and what is the role that play defeats 18 00:01:30,539 --> 00:01:36,299 play here and what can we learn? Now one way to parameterize our ignorance about 19 00:01:36,329 --> 00:01:41,369 physics beyond the standard model is given by the effective theory approach. It 20 00:01:41,369 --> 00:01:46,259 allows us to smoothly deviate from the standard model by assuming the Standard 21 00:01:46,259 --> 00:01:51,569 Model feed content and Standard Model gauge symmetries. And by assuming yet new 22 00:01:51,569 --> 00:01:57,059 physics appears at some high energy scale. So the Standard Model deviations are then 23 00:01:57,059 --> 00:02:01,979 parametrized by higher dimension operators that are From the Standard Model fields 24 00:02:02,339 --> 00:02:07,409 and the operators they appear as low energy remnants of having new physics that 25 00:02:07,409 --> 00:02:12,299 has been integrated out at the high energy scale. So, this means that the operators 26 00:02:12,299 --> 00:02:16,649 are suppressed by the scale. And the prominent example is the from the theory, 27 00:02:16,919 --> 00:02:21,599 we are integrating out the charge who someone that was 10 unknown leads to an 28 00:02:21,599 --> 00:02:28,049 effective point like 12 fermion coupling. So, effectively labyrinthian is then given 29 00:02:28,049 --> 00:02:33,149 by the standard model the Crimean plus the higher dimension operators that come with 30 00:02:33,179 --> 00:02:38,039 respectively some coefficients that are denoted by C here, surprised by the scale 31 00:02:38,039 --> 00:02:44,219 lambda. Now, if you assume that the Higgs is part of a doublet so that electroweak 32 00:02:44,219 --> 00:02:48,929 symmetry breaking is linearly realized. This means that the leading new physics 33 00:02:48,959 --> 00:02:53,519 effects are described by dimension six operators, so, then their contribution is 34 00:02:53,519 --> 00:02:59,639 suppressed by lambda strength. a different approach is given by the electric IRA like 35 00:02:59,669 --> 00:03:05,129 luck premium. Here electroweak symmetry breaking is nonlinearly realized and the 36 00:03:05,129 --> 00:03:09,659 Higgs is treated as a singlet and this expansion relies on the carrier expansion. 37 00:03:10,019 --> 00:03:14,459 And later I will come back to the question how we can disentangle linear from 38 00:03:14,459 --> 00:03:20,939 nonlinear dynamics. So, here in this talk however, I will mainly concentrate on the 39 00:03:20,939 --> 00:03:25,139 Standard Model effective theory. This is an approach that has been very well 40 00:03:25,139 --> 00:03:29,159 established. So, there are a number of analysis on how to constrain the wisdom 41 00:03:29,159 --> 00:03:33,569 coefficients. And there are also many tools available for fitting for deriving 42 00:03:33,569 --> 00:03:38,339 the Fineman rules for calculating higher order corrections to the observables for 43 00:03:38,339 --> 00:03:44,039 performing basis transformations. Now, these fixing programs of course, need the 44 00:03:44,039 --> 00:03:48,989 experimental input and here we see the fix from the Atlas and CMS experiments to the 45 00:03:48,989 --> 00:03:54,029 couplings and we see that unfortunately this discover takes four so on so far 46 00:03:54,029 --> 00:03:59,669 behaves very standard model like and these recites then fit into the fitting programs 47 00:03:59,669 --> 00:04:05,669 and So, an example I show here plot by the SP to collaboration. So here you see the 48 00:04:05,669 --> 00:04:11,819 68 and 95% confidence level limits on the various effective field theory operators. 49 00:04:12,659 --> 00:04:17,999 Now, let me come to the topics interface. For sure the top Quark is very important 50 00:04:17,999 --> 00:04:22,649 for beyond the Standard Model physics. The reason is that it's the only from your 51 00:04:22,679 --> 00:04:27,209 calculus that in other one you cover coupling to the Higgs boson. So it plays a 52 00:04:27,209 --> 00:04:32,549 privileged role in most ESM scenarios in order to explain electroweak symmetry 53 00:04:32,549 --> 00:04:38,009 breaking and stabilize the weak scale. In weakly coupled models. This is done by 54 00:04:38,009 --> 00:04:43,319 introducing new heavy particles, like for example, the stocks in supersymmetry. And 55 00:04:43,319 --> 00:04:48,119 in strongly interacting models, the Higgs is viewed as composite object where you 56 00:04:48,119 --> 00:04:54,209 have heavy new top partners that appeal. Finally, you have to know very precisely 57 00:04:54,209 --> 00:04:58,679 the topics interaction in order to determine the trialing itself coupling 58 00:04:58,679 --> 00:04:59,969 from Higgs production. 59 00:05:01,260 --> 00:05:06,660 So here now I show you a few processes at the topics interface and I show you a few 60 00:05:06,660 --> 00:05:12,420 sample diagrams. So apart from the top Quark pair production, of course, you have 61 00:05:12,420 --> 00:05:16,770 here the associated production of the Higgs boson with the top Quark. Here, you 62 00:05:16,770 --> 00:05:22,050 have inclusive senior Higgs production, you have six plus check production, and 63 00:05:22,050 --> 00:05:27,000 you have fixed production. And the colored dots show you how they are affected 64 00:05:27,060 --> 00:05:30,990 affected by the higher dimension operators. Of course, there are more 65 00:05:30,990 --> 00:05:35,400 operators than these that I show you here. But I've been wanting to concentrate on 66 00:05:35,400 --> 00:05:40,290 these three operators. And let me explain them in more detail by looking here at 67 00:05:40,290 --> 00:05:45,060 inclusive semantics production. So here you see the diagrams that contribute with 68 00:05:45,060 --> 00:05:49,590 the various operators. So first of all, you have here the common magnetic dipole 69 00:05:49,590 --> 00:05:54,810 operator, it modifies the top to one coupling. Then you have the topics 70 00:05:55,140 --> 00:06:01,470 operator, which modifies the Yuka Captain to the top quarks. And you have to exclude 71 00:06:01,470 --> 00:06:07,560 an operator, which induces upon coupling of the Higgs boson to two clones. And as 72 00:06:07,560 --> 00:06:12,510 you can see from these diagrams, the common magnetic dipole operator and the 73 00:06:12,510 --> 00:06:17,040 top you cover operator, they captured the Higgs boson to the gluons through a top 74 00:06:17,040 --> 00:06:23,790 Quark. Whereas the effective Higgs clone operator induces a cutting a tree level. 75 00:06:24,210 --> 00:06:29,640 So this means that there's a two fold degeneracy in inclusive fix production. On 76 00:06:29,640 --> 00:06:34,920 the one hand, you have a degeneracy between the top your cover operator and 77 00:06:34,920 --> 00:06:39,900 you have and the exclusion operator. On the other hand, you have a degeneracy 78 00:06:39,900 --> 00:06:45,120 between the common magnetic dipole operator and the exclusion operator. So 79 00:06:45,120 --> 00:06:49,860 the question is now how can we resolve this degeneracy? And here now the 80 00:06:49,860 --> 00:06:54,300 distributions come into the game distributions are very important in the 81 00:06:54,300 --> 00:06:58,590 search for new physics because in their high energy case, they are sensitive to 82 00:06:58,590 --> 00:07:04,110 new physics and things are over they allow you to test several operators at one time. 83 00:07:04,410 --> 00:07:09,600 And this is shown in these plots. So, what you see here is the Hicks PT distribution, 84 00:07:10,020 --> 00:07:15,180 and then you vary one of the operators alone. And here you see the PT 85 00:07:15,180 --> 00:07:20,310 distribution when you vary several operators together. And here in the lower 86 00:07:20,400 --> 00:07:24,360 in the lower plots you see the normalization to the standard motivating 87 00:07:24,780 --> 00:07:30,030 and if you have a closer look at these plots, then you see that the change of the 88 00:07:30,030 --> 00:07:36,300 Higgs coupling to the bottom Quark induce a sizable effect at small PT whereas the 89 00:07:36,330 --> 00:07:42,180 point click exclude the interaction leads to a sizable modification at high PT and a 90 00:07:42,180 --> 00:07:47,610 modification of the top to cover coupling leads over approximately two rescaling of 91 00:07:47,610 --> 00:07:53,370 the spectrum. So this shows you that you can disentangle the top yukata operator 92 00:07:53,370 --> 00:07:59,190 from the exclusion operator. However, when you look at the shapes of the top of the 93 00:07:59,190 --> 00:08:05,220 common magnetic Put operator and exclude operator they both So, show similarly, 94 00:08:05,370 --> 00:08:10,710 shapes with how the case. So here you can't use the distribution to distinguish 95 00:08:10,710 --> 00:08:15,870 these operators. However, you can follow a different approach. So, you can combine 96 00:08:15,900 --> 00:08:20,700 several observables that are differently affected by these operators and 97 00:08:20,700 --> 00:08:26,820 disadvantages discussed now. So, you can for example, combine SR x production with 98 00:08:26,850 --> 00:08:32,100 associated production with the top Quark pair antics plus check the production to 99 00:08:32,100 --> 00:08:38,010 resolve the degeneracy and the potential of this approach is shown here. So, what 100 00:08:38,010 --> 00:08:43,500 you see on the left plot is the fit to the exclusion coupling and the fit to the top 101 00:08:43,710 --> 00:08:49,140 you cover coupling. And this fit you get it from the associated production of a 102 00:08:49,140 --> 00:08:53,880 text with the top crop here and from inclusive fixed production. First of all, 103 00:08:53,880 --> 00:08:58,620 what you see here is that there is indeed a degeneracy between the two operators in 104 00:08:58,620 --> 00:09:05,010 single one SR Hicks production. Now this channel see is slightly lifted already by 105 00:09:05,010 --> 00:09:10,350 including the punching ratios into photons and other standard model famous dates. And 106 00:09:10,350 --> 00:09:14,190 then you have defeat from the Higgs associated production with a top Quark 107 00:09:14,190 --> 00:09:19,530 pair, which is orthogonal. So, you see, can you get combine these two observables 108 00:09:19,560 --> 00:09:24,840 to disentangle the two operators. Now, on the right plot, you see the same back now, 109 00:09:24,840 --> 00:09:29,310 here you have a fit to the Higgs clone interaction and to the common magnetic 110 00:09:29,310 --> 00:09:35,340 dipole operator. And again you see that it fits on a single a single fixed production 111 00:09:35,340 --> 00:09:40,050 and associated production they are may not orthogonal but at least they had to 112 00:09:40,110 --> 00:09:44,850 resolve this degeneracy. So, this shows you that the Higgs measurements start to 113 00:09:44,850 --> 00:09:50,730 become sensitive to the common magnetic dipole operator. And this is important 114 00:09:50,760 --> 00:09:55,530 when you go to high luminosity. So, this is shown in these lower plots. They show 115 00:09:55,530 --> 00:10:01,110 the same but here also the Express check production is included. So now this 116 00:10:01,110 --> 00:10:06,210 discussion shows you already that it is important to combine several observables 117 00:10:06,210 --> 00:10:11,760 when you perform fits. In fact dismissed analysis is only modeling basis 118 00:10:11,760 --> 00:10:17,550 independence if you include all relevant operators that describe the observables 119 00:10:17,550 --> 00:10:21,840 that you include in your feet. The problem however, is that you have to deal with a 120 00:10:21,840 --> 00:10:29,220 huge number of operators. Already at dimension six, you have more than 2400 non 121 00:10:29,220 --> 00:10:35,430 redundant operators if you include three generations, this reduces to 59 for one 122 00:10:35,430 --> 00:10:41,550 generation. Still, this is a large number. So this means a lot of it has to do with a 123 00:10:41,550 --> 00:10:46,410 complicated parameter space with many channels and flat directions and local 124 00:10:46,410 --> 00:10:51,060 minima. And this is the reason why a crescent there's no clover single Chinese 125 00:10:51,060 --> 00:10:56,730 feet to all operators. However, you can follow a practical approach here to reduce 126 00:10:56,730 --> 00:11:01,890 the number of operators you can first of all, apply Some symmetry assumptions like 127 00:11:01,890 --> 00:11:07,080 labor and CP conservation, and then you can focus on certain sub sectors. So, like 128 00:11:07,110 --> 00:11:13,350 the hc sector or the topic sector and so on. And then you need those operators that 129 00:11:13,350 --> 00:11:17,190 are relevant for the particles and processes that you consider. And you 130 00:11:17,190 --> 00:11:21,630 assume that the other operators are very constrained from different processes. 131 00:11:21,840 --> 00:11:26,220 However, one has to be careful here, because this assumption is not always 132 00:11:26,220 --> 00:11:31,770 justified. So, you have to investigate on a case by case study to which extent it is 133 00:11:31,770 --> 00:11:37,560 okay to neglect the other operators in order not to draw the wrong conclusions 134 00:11:37,560 --> 00:11:43,680 from the fields. So recently, this method approach has been presented as a novel 135 00:11:43,680 --> 00:11:49,230 approach towards a global analysis. And as a proof of concept, the authors have 136 00:11:49,230 --> 00:11:55,620 considered 34 degrees of freedom from 10 different processes at eight and 13. tv. 137 00:11:55,980 --> 00:12:00,540 They have mostly included top processes, but also the Associated Press action of 138 00:12:00,540 --> 00:12:05,400 the Higgs boson with a top Quark case included. And what you'll see them here on 139 00:12:05,400 --> 00:12:12,960 this plot of a 95% confidence level limits on the 45 degrees of freedom, one spin you 140 00:12:12,960 --> 00:12:17,730 do in the individual fits in red, then in Cray, you have to close the fit and in 141 00:12:17,730 --> 00:12:22,440 violet, you have the comparison with the results from the top bulking pool. And 142 00:12:22,440 --> 00:12:26,790 when you have a closer look at this plot, then you see that in general, the fits 143 00:12:27,000 --> 00:12:31,830 from the individual fits lead to mastering constraints. And this is because you 144 00:12:31,830 --> 00:12:36,690 neglect your cost calculations. Now, of course, this has to be extended to include 145 00:12:36,690 --> 00:12:42,630 also other observers and as Tony told us yesterday, they are working on including 146 00:12:42,630 --> 00:12:46,380 more observables from the electroweak sector and also from the Higgs sector. 147 00:12:47,520 --> 00:12:52,140 Now, let me move on to expand production. expand production is a very important 148 00:12:52,140 --> 00:12:56,310 process because it allows us for the ultimate test of the Higgs mechanism, 149 00:12:56,760 --> 00:13:00,660 because if you are able to measure the training and the heat quality Except 150 00:13:00,660 --> 00:13:04,680 coupling between the standard model are uniquely determined by the mass of the 151 00:13:04,680 --> 00:13:09,780 Higgs boson, then you can use these couplings to reconstruct the x potential 152 00:13:10,050 --> 00:13:15,660 and verify verify experimentally the Higgs mechanism. So the challenger itself 153 00:13:15,660 --> 00:13:20,250 coupling is accessible directly in his car production and aquatic one in principle 154 00:13:20,250 --> 00:13:26,160 into the production. And the main process at the LSE is fluid fusion. However, the 155 00:13:26,160 --> 00:13:30,960 problem with this process is that it leads to a small sickness, so it's perfectly 156 00:13:30,960 --> 00:13:37,110 fine to ban and it suffers on a large QC background. So it's a challenge. So what 157 00:13:37,110 --> 00:13:42,150 you see in these two plots are feeds from the Atlas and CMS collaboration to the 158 00:13:42,150 --> 00:13:46,500 training itself coupling by setting all the other couplings to their standard 159 00:13:46,500 --> 00:13:51,120 motivators. Or I just see, yeah, okay. No, it's okay. 160 00:13:52,680 --> 00:13:58,080 And then you'll see here the combined feed from the Atlas collaboration which limits 161 00:13:58,080 --> 00:14:03,450 the timing of excess coupling to manual five inches. So I've been now focused on 162 00:14:03,450 --> 00:14:07,170 the effect of higher dimension operators on Higgs power production. And for 163 00:14:07,170 --> 00:14:11,010 Standard Model X pair production, I refer you to the talk I said I knocked out 164 00:14:11,010 --> 00:14:16,620 tomorrow afternoon. So now you see here how Higgs production is affected by higher 165 00:14:16,620 --> 00:14:21,210 dimension operators. So let me first mention in the standard model, you have 166 00:14:21,240 --> 00:14:26,460 only these two diagrams that contribute. So you have a triangle loop and quad in 167 00:14:26,460 --> 00:14:31,320 the box though, however, the effective operators they use for other diagrams. So 168 00:14:31,320 --> 00:14:35,940 let's have a look. First of all, you have an overall shift of the couplings. This of 169 00:14:35,940 --> 00:14:39,510 course, you have an outpost, this is awesome, the process is steady I showed 170 00:14:39,510 --> 00:14:46,800 you before. And then you have an operator that shifts the Higgs coupling. You have 171 00:14:46,860 --> 00:14:53,640 the topics operator that changes the Higgs coupling to the top box and induces also 172 00:14:53,640 --> 00:14:57,600 another coupling that is not present in the standard model. So in effective to 173 00:14:57,600 --> 00:15:03,360 Higgs to fermion coupling then you fv exclude operator which needs to appoint 174 00:15:03,450 --> 00:15:08,310 coupling between one or two exposed sons and two clones. And you have two common 175 00:15:08,310 --> 00:15:14,190 magnetic dipole operator that modifies the top clone coupling and induces also this 176 00:15:14,190 --> 00:15:21,090 another coupling here. So now I can tell you about how we can disentangle between 177 00:15:21,090 --> 00:15:26,550 linear and nonlinear dynamics. So in the Standard Model effective theory, there's a 178 00:15:26,550 --> 00:15:32,490 relation between the coupling of SR and two Higgs bosons to two clones. And 179 00:15:32,490 --> 00:15:37,620 there's a relation between the coupling of one and two Higgs bosons and fermions. 180 00:15:37,890 --> 00:15:43,560 However, this relation is not there anymore in nonlinear effective theory. So 181 00:15:43,560 --> 00:15:48,780 you can use dynamics production to pop directly if you have a linear or nonlinear 182 00:15:48,780 --> 00:15:53,910 dynamics of electroweak symmetry breaking. And this shows you also the necessity for 183 00:15:53,910 --> 00:15:58,470 club effects. Because in order to disentangle this, you cannot only look at 184 00:15:58,470 --> 00:16:02,760 SR Hicks production. So you have To look also at processes where there's no expose 185 00:16:02,760 --> 00:16:08,100 on where they are to expose them, let me also mention something else. So, I told 186 00:16:08,100 --> 00:16:12,540 you in the standard model we have only these two diagrams and in fact they both 187 00:16:12,540 --> 00:16:16,860 interfere destructively in the standard model and it becomes clear Of course, when 188 00:16:16,860 --> 00:16:22,200 you include higher this higher dimension operators, this destructive interference 189 00:16:22,200 --> 00:16:26,970 is destroyed. And it becomes also clear that the limits that you will derive on 190 00:16:26,970 --> 00:16:31,710 the training itself coupling depends on the description that you choose, so, 191 00:16:31,710 --> 00:16:33,360 linear or nonlinear 192 00:16:35,430 --> 00:16:39,540 Okay, so, we have all these operators that enter Hicks care production. And the 193 00:16:39,540 --> 00:16:44,400 question is now of course, can we perform fits to the trailing excess coupling by 194 00:16:44,400 --> 00:16:49,440 keeping all the operators at their standard model bagels and ever discussed 195 00:16:49,440 --> 00:16:53,310 this with this plot that I took from a talk by Can you feel your need to so what 196 00:16:53,310 --> 00:16:56,970 you see here is six pair production nominal as to the Standard Model value 197 00:16:57,240 --> 00:17:02,820 when you vary one of the coefficients of these operators and the dashed lines are 198 00:17:02,820 --> 00:17:07,380 the values of the weights and coefficients that have been excluded so far by the 199 00:17:07,560 --> 00:17:14,250 state by the Hicks data from the LLC. And the violet line is the one related to the 200 00:17:14,250 --> 00:17:20,280 variation of the training itself. So, now, here you see the presently best limit on 201 00:17:20,280 --> 00:17:25,770 Excel production and you see indeed at the moment, it is enough to vary only the hit 202 00:17:25,770 --> 00:17:29,700 training accept coupling and to keep the other couplings at their standard mode 203 00:17:29,700 --> 00:17:35,520 values. However, with increasing position, this is not justified anymore, and you 204 00:17:35,520 --> 00:17:40,110 also have to include differential distributions, because they effective 205 00:17:40,890 --> 00:17:46,950 affected differently by the various operators. So, I have shown you here now, 206 00:17:47,190 --> 00:17:52,260 how Hicks power production is affected by the senior Hicks production operators. 207 00:17:52,500 --> 00:17:57,870 Now, we can turn this question around and ask ourselves how Hicks SR Hicks 208 00:17:57,870 --> 00:18:02,520 production is affected by a variation After training and excessive coupling and 209 00:18:02,520 --> 00:18:06,570 a variation of the training, yes excessive coupling of the training and excessive 210 00:18:06,570 --> 00:18:10,950 coupling enters in electrically corrections to the SR Higgs production 211 00:18:10,950 --> 00:18:16,770 processes. So, we can ask now, what are the indirect limits that we can derive on 212 00:18:16,770 --> 00:18:21,180 the training and self coupling from the synthetics production processes? There 213 00:18:21,180 --> 00:18:25,980 have been several courts that have investigated this question. And they found 214 00:18:25,980 --> 00:18:31,830 that in Dec keep these indirect limits can be competitive or at least complimentary 215 00:18:31,830 --> 00:18:38,010 with the directly complex pair production. However, this approach is challenging 216 00:18:38,040 --> 00:18:41,820 because you have to combine several processes with different functional 217 00:18:41,820 --> 00:18:46,470 dependence on the training access coupling, so, you have to perform a global 218 00:18:46,470 --> 00:18:51,030 fit, and you have to include at least nine additional coefficients from SR Hicks 219 00:18:51,030 --> 00:18:57,210 production. Moreover, the dominant effect on SR Hicks production comes from the 220 00:18:57,210 --> 00:19:02,820 leading other operators unless you assume My very specific theory where the only 221 00:19:02,820 --> 00:19:07,710 modifications affect the trainer in the aquatic excessive coupling and not all the 222 00:19:07,710 --> 00:19:13,230 other captains. So, let us have a look at the potential of combining singer and 223 00:19:13,230 --> 00:19:19,290 double Higgs production, this is now shown in this plot. So, here you see a fit to 224 00:19:19,290 --> 00:19:23,700 the try linear excessive coupling including differential observers from 225 00:19:23,700 --> 00:19:29,730 signetics production PCs include and from w x production This is in red and formal 226 00:19:29,730 --> 00:19:35,130 combination which is in pink. And you see when you perform a club effect in 227 00:19:35,130 --> 00:19:38,880 synchronous production, so, when you include the effect of all relevant 228 00:19:38,910 --> 00:19:44,130 operators, then the limits are less stringent than the limit that you obtain 229 00:19:44,130 --> 00:19:49,620 from hitscan production stay SR x production is important because you can 230 00:19:49,620 --> 00:19:54,420 see from this combination here in pink, that SR Hicks production helps you to 231 00:19:54,420 --> 00:20:00,000 resolve the degeneracy that is there at Delta Kappa equal to five So, the next 232 00:20:00,000 --> 00:20:06,630 natural step would be to move on and combine single and double Higgs production 233 00:20:06,630 --> 00:20:11,820 processes and to gradually include all the other element operators other than the 234 00:20:11,820 --> 00:20:17,790 trailing SF coupling. Also do higher order QC corrections have been calculated to 235 00:20:17,790 --> 00:20:22,380 expand production coming from the effective theory operators. And here you 236 00:20:22,380 --> 00:20:28,020 see a resize on this call, they perform a calculation in the electronic IRA. Look 237 00:20:28,020 --> 00:20:32,400 again, you see here the K factor So, the next leading order to the leading or the 238 00:20:32,400 --> 00:20:37,500 cross section, and you see what happens when you vary one of these with some 239 00:20:37,500 --> 00:20:42,690 coefficients of the various operators. And you can see that when you include the full 240 00:20:42,690 --> 00:20:47,820 top Kwok mask dependence, then these k factors show a non uniform behavior. And 241 00:20:47,820 --> 00:20:52,350 you see also that at least for these scenarios here, it varies between about 242 00:20:52,350 --> 00:20:59,910 1.5 and 2.4. So, let me finish with your reality check. This is important because 243 00:21:00,000 --> 00:21:05,610 In the effective theory approach, you assume new physics to be there at a high 244 00:21:05,610 --> 00:21:10,650 energy scale. However, there are many beyond the Standard Model models with 245 00:21:10,650 --> 00:21:15,840 extended tech sectors that predict also like particles. So, in order not to miss 246 00:21:15,840 --> 00:21:21,060 any new physics effects, you have to combine the effective theory approach and 247 00:21:21,060 --> 00:21:27,060 also look at specific UV complete models. And I will discuss this now for a few 248 00:21:27,060 --> 00:21:32,310 models in the context of production. So, here you see that expand production 249 00:21:32,310 --> 00:21:37,470 diagrams that contribute that you get when you look at the supersymmetric theory for 250 00:21:37,470 --> 00:21:42,270 example, the next minimum supersymmetric as a standard model, you see what happens 251 00:21:42,270 --> 00:21:46,110 there. So, first of all, so, this is the production of a standard model like 252 00:21:46,110 --> 00:21:50,160 exposed on paper. First of all you have modified top and bottom you cover 253 00:21:50,160 --> 00:21:54,600 couplings. Then of course, you have modified try linear couplings. You have 254 00:21:54,600 --> 00:22:00,480 new particles that can run around in loop and you have new heavy Higgs boson songs 255 00:22:00,780 --> 00:22:05,160 that can be produced resonantly and then decay into a pair of standard model like 256 00:22:05,160 --> 00:22:10,620 explosives. Another example for most commonly interacting theory is composite 257 00:22:10,620 --> 00:22:15,420 tics. And here you have also effects from New particles in the loops effects from 258 00:22:15,420 --> 00:22:20,220 modifications of the couplings and you have this novel to Higgs to fermion 259 00:22:20,220 --> 00:22:25,320 coupling and all these effects together, they can lead to direct cross sections 260 00:22:25,320 --> 00:22:29,490 that can be considerably larger than in the standard model. And let me show you 261 00:22:29,490 --> 00:22:35,010 two examples. So we perform the scan in the CP violating to extrapolate model and 262 00:22:35,010 --> 00:22:39,630 in the Nemesis m, and he kept only those points that are compatible with the 263 00:22:39,630 --> 00:22:44,250 relevant theoretical and experimental constraints. And he has shown you that the 264 00:22:44,250 --> 00:22:48,690 maximum cross sections that we found so far his care production in the CP 265 00:22:48,690 --> 00:22:54,870 violating tweaks tablet monotype one, we found cross sections as large as 850 10 to 266 00:22:54,870 --> 00:23:01,170 come to be compared to the Standard Model value f. Se ri femtocell endorsing the 267 00:23:01,170 --> 00:23:06,450 type two model you'll still find the core sections that can be the dominant of the 268 00:23:06,450 --> 00:23:11,760 standard model in the nm SSM you are constrained from supersymmetry. So here 269 00:23:11,760 --> 00:23:16,320 your top down to the Standard Model value. However, if you look at the production of 270 00:23:16,320 --> 00:23:20,310 a standard mode like explosive with a lighter non standard mode lackeys awesome, 271 00:23:20,490 --> 00:23:26,310 you can achieve large cross sections. And here in the C two h m one type one, if you 272 00:23:26,310 --> 00:23:30,870 look at the production of lights on a pair of like a non standard mode like exposed 273 00:23:30,870 --> 00:23:36,330 on you can even have huge sections. So, it could even be that we see new physics for 274 00:23:36,330 --> 00:23:42,000 us in the experimental section and not in singing production. Let me finally mention 275 00:23:42,030 --> 00:23:47,190 an interesting thing a double top picks into play that we found. So, we looked 276 00:23:47,190 --> 00:23:52,500 into the CP violating tweaks template model. And here you can have additional 277 00:23:52,500 --> 00:23:58,710 heavy exposed zones that can have large punching ratio in the top quartile and now 278 00:23:58,710 --> 00:24:02,760 when they interfere with each other Back home, then you see here that this leads to 279 00:24:02,760 --> 00:24:08,370 a destructive interference, but these semi exposed sons can of course also decay into 280 00:24:08,370 --> 00:24:14,550 a Higgs boson. And when you interfere this process with the other Higgs production 281 00:24:14,550 --> 00:24:19,200 diagram, so, you do a sickness signal interference, then you can see that this 282 00:24:19,200 --> 00:24:25,740 year the interference is constructive. So, destructive signal backhand interference 283 00:24:25,740 --> 00:24:30,060 in the top called final state can come along with a constructive signal signal 284 00:24:30,060 --> 00:24:34,110 interference in the expect protection. So, this shows you that you should not 285 00:24:34,110 --> 00:24:40,680 underestimate expect protection. So, let me conclude on this very positive note. I 286 00:24:40,680 --> 00:24:44,970 have told you that the F key approach allows us to rather model independent 287 00:24:44,970 --> 00:24:48,990 access new physics This is an approach that has been very well established. 288 00:24:50,310 --> 00:24:54,570 With increasing theoretical and experimental precision. We have to include 289 00:24:54,570 --> 00:24:58,710 higher order corrections This is something I could not talk about here because of the 290 00:24:58,710 --> 00:25:03,990 lack of time by I could talk about that district twice also the inclusion of more 291 00:25:04,020 --> 00:25:09,180 operators in the fit, I told you that if t distributions are very important, because 292 00:25:09,180 --> 00:25:13,860 they are particularly sensitive to new physics, they allow follow the resolution 293 00:25:13,860 --> 00:25:20,730 of lead directions, which also of course, is done by combining several solvers and 294 00:25:20,760 --> 00:25:26,580 they can help several operators at once. Then I told you that if you want to test 295 00:25:26,610 --> 00:25:31,140 if you have a linear nonlinear electroweak symmetry breaking, you have to combine 296 00:25:31,140 --> 00:25:35,670 several processes. So, for example, you look into Excel production where you can 297 00:25:35,670 --> 00:25:40,860 start to disentangle this. And finally, I showed you some confrontation with reality 298 00:25:41,610 --> 00:25:46,740 because this is important as EFT is not sensitive to light resonances. And I have 299 00:25:46,740 --> 00:25:51,750 shown you that in expel production, you can still have side effects so, the future 300 00:25:51,750 --> 00:25:56,700 is private I would say. Let me also mention that I have edited an additional 301 00:25:56,700 --> 00:26:02,520 psychological value find the link to my song boom. I've up there from 630 on so if 302 00:26:02,520 --> 00:26:05,880 you want to have further discussions and now I thank you for your attention, 303 00:26:07,080 --> 00:26:08,010 not my game. 304 00:26:10,260 --> 00:26:14,700 Oh, the floor is open for questions now. Raise your hand 305 00:26:24,990 --> 00:26:25,830 be shy, 306 00:26:26,520 --> 00:26:29,280 it's quite easy you just have one button to push. 307 00:26:33,240 --> 00:26:39,510 So maybe I will break the ice and so on page 24 you discuss some possible 308 00:26:39,510 --> 00:26:44,850 degeneracy, you know with modified coupling to blue on with dipole operators. 309 00:26:45,180 --> 00:26:52,950 So, my question is, how large should the dipole be in order to mimic this contact 310 00:26:52,950 --> 00:27:01,560 interaction to view on I mean the Pacific UV realization where can get so large 311 00:27:02,040 --> 00:27:03,270 dipole operators? 312 00:27:04,200 --> 00:27:08,220 Ah, frankly speaking, I cannot answer this question because here 313 00:27:09,660 --> 00:27:11,160 I'm no expert. Yeah. 314 00:27:13,230 --> 00:27:15,120 And so 315 00:27:17,160 --> 00:27:23,910 no, I don't know. I mean, I know that from the papers that I read that it's important 316 00:27:23,910 --> 00:27:30,240 to include it because indeed, you are sensitive to it. But I mean, he received 317 00:27:30,300 --> 00:27:36,630 he we see some value here we see the typo operator here, at least I mean, it varies 318 00:27:36,630 --> 00:27:42,630 between minus one and one over t v squared. So this gives some hint. 319 00:27:43,350 --> 00:27:48,120 So somehow there is at least one order of magnitude one or two orders of magnitude 320 00:27:48,120 --> 00:27:52,740 between those two kind of operators. Yeah. Yeah. 321 00:27:55,260 --> 00:27:59,190 And also, I would like to edit because I couldn't do it. Talk. It's interesting 322 00:27:59,190 --> 00:28:03,780 because I mean, As I told you, there are also other operators that affect these 323 00:28:03,780 --> 00:28:08,250 maximum measurements. So for example, associated production with a top Quark 324 00:28:08,250 --> 00:28:14,310 pair is also affected by four fermion operators. But you can use these now. You 325 00:28:14,310 --> 00:28:19,140 can constrain them in top Quark production and then use the Hicks measurements to 326 00:28:19,140 --> 00:28:23,100 constrain the common magnetic dipole operator, because you see that you are 327 00:28:23,100 --> 00:28:25,080 starting to get sensitive to it. 328 00:28:26,670 --> 00:28:32,070 Like so there is one question by Michael But before that, I mean, somebody mere 329 00:28:32,100 --> 00:28:37,620 note in the chat that actually is a PDF of your talk is not available due to some 330 00:28:37,620 --> 00:28:43,440 technical problem. So maybe send the link to use Zoom Room, and then we'll put it 331 00:28:43,440 --> 00:28:45,630 into the chat so that everybody can actually 332 00:28:46,830 --> 00:28:48,510 okay delink Yeah, 333 00:28:48,930 --> 00:28:52,470 yeah, there's just an IndyCar problem right now. This is what's happened during 334 00:28:52,860 --> 00:28:56,250 Facebook. It wasn't in there is no evidence if I do it off the box. Yeah. 335 00:28:56,280 --> 00:28:58,350 Okay. I did put it in the check the link. 336 00:28:58,890 --> 00:29:02,160 Yes. So no Michael Stevens a question 337 00:29:02,250 --> 00:29:06,840 just to this issue about the size of these numbers, this really depends on the 338 00:29:06,840 --> 00:29:11,970 convention that you're using for CTG and see 5g. So, this order of magnitude 339 00:29:11,970 --> 00:29:17,310 difference may be due to different extraction or standard model factors, or 340 00:29:17,310 --> 00:29:23,070 none of them. And therefore, when we have to look at the proper normalization of the 341 00:29:23,370 --> 00:29:28,320 coefficients of these operators, to to, to understand the meaning, in particular, the 342 00:29:28,320 --> 00:29:33,690 constraints that come from 50 bar, and as you can see, the constraints from 50 bar 343 00:29:33,780 --> 00:29:39,240 are impossible, the green band and this means that that's the purpose of the green 344 00:29:39,240 --> 00:29:39,690 band 345 00:29:42,210 --> 00:29:42,900 situation 346 00:29:43,530 --> 00:29:46,650 and it's availa t t bo, u 347 00:29:47,760 --> 00:29:53,010 tt pascaline. I don't know okay. And I know the TD Bank constraints are not 348 00:29:53,160 --> 00:29:59,550 visible so sorry, I was confused by physics, but but one partner possible. 349 00:30:00,000 --> 00:30:06,870 Step One has to translate the fits to TT bar production to the to the convention, 350 00:30:07,050 --> 00:30:10,740 it was one of these verses coefficient that are used and these fits. And there's 351 00:30:10,740 --> 00:30:14,910 always the same story that different authors are using different conventions. 352 00:30:15,300 --> 00:30:20,100 Yeah, indeed, I saw this when I prepare to talk and at all you have to be careful 353 00:30:20,100 --> 00:30:24,180 when you interpret this, because several authors, they put the couplings into the 354 00:30:24,210 --> 00:30:26,970 operator several orders, they don't do it and so on. 355 00:30:28,020 --> 00:30:31,320 And this means an order of magnitude difference between the size of these 356 00:30:31,320 --> 00:30:35,400 operators doesn't mean that this is really a difference of the relevance. 357 00:30:35,760 --> 00:30:36,840 Mm hmm. 358 00:30:40,050 --> 00:30:42,150 Giovani wanted to ask something. 359 00:30:46,830 --> 00:30:49,650 Do you when you get closer to the microphone? 360 00:30:51,330 --> 00:30:53,520 Not so much. Okay. 361 00:30:55,050 --> 00:30:57,960 So I was wondering if for these 362 00:30:59,400 --> 00:30:59,970 cases 363 00:31:01,170 --> 00:31:02,190 In principle 364 00:31:03,750 --> 00:31:05,820 changes the interaction between the 365 00:31:10,019 --> 00:31:10,589 Jets 366 00:31:10,799 --> 00:31:12,629 or something of that sort, right? 367 00:31:14,639 --> 00:31:18,449 I mean, there are several combinations that you can perform, of course, I mean, 368 00:31:18,449 --> 00:31:23,969 you can even use six pair production. I have some cloth in the appendix, but it's 369 00:31:23,969 --> 00:31:29,399 true. I mean, I had to focus here on on on a subset, but it's true. There are many 370 00:31:29,429 --> 00:31:34,439 other things that you can do. And you can also use the processes you're talking 371 00:31:34,439 --> 00:31:39,539 about. Yeah, whatever. I mean, in principle, the point is that you need to 372 00:31:39,539 --> 00:31:44,609 have poses that are have a different sensitivity on the operators that you are 373 00:31:44,609 --> 00:31:45,359 looking at. 374 00:31:46,650 --> 00:31:48,240 Thank you. Yeah. 375 00:31:50,250 --> 00:31:52,830 Okay. Any other things? 376 00:31:54,510 --> 00:32:00,330 There's another comment in the chat. From Maria. She's saying that she thinks Those 377 00:32:00,330 --> 00:32:03,150 results using top data on slide 29. 378 00:32:05,220 --> 00:32:06,150 What did she say? 379 00:32:08,280 --> 00:32:13,530 in the chat? She said that the results using the top data on slide 29 380 00:32:14,250 --> 00:32:15,300 Okay, thank you. 381 00:32:15,330 --> 00:32:16,710 Yeah. Good. 382 00:32:18,270 --> 00:32:22,530 Okay, so it's probably time to move on. So let us say, Maggie again. 383 00:32:24,480 --> 00:32:24,990 Thank you.