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Thank you.

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Thank you very much. So yes, I'm in charge
of starting the makeup session today. And

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so my, my talk is, will be a very

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short review on some of the progress that
has been achieved

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in the last in the last year or so. So
we'll focus mostly on the most recent

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results and results from the theory. And
among those I've chosen knows that I'm in

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Moscow impact on the experimental walk
napkins mean going on.

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So

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physics

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Well, we all know that top Quark is one of
the main influencers in the head community

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and has many followers. You can see from

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Here is snapshot on the rate of papers,
the normalization is on the highest value

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316

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around 2015 in phase within summary on the
Higgs boson, and then you see also that

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peak around this corner of the top.
Anyway, the thought is always in our mind.

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And the reason basically is that it
doesn't appeal. intrinsic appeal then

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depends on the many different ways that it
can be started. So we like to think of it

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as a tool to investigate the standard
models of make precision measurements of

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its properties. If there's also the
feature that in Europe

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in new models we make capital for
statesmanship, we have a nice Comber you

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know, and that we may allow us to also
explore

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You in your interactions.

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So let's go I'll be running a nice
presentation in four parts of

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Colbert essential on the top properties in
facts. And so I'll start with the most

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important property of the thought though,
which actually ultimately fixes and gives

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rise to all his special property
respecting now in their work so, so this

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is now established, even experimentally
that you've got a Catholic is around is

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about to be one.

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So the dominant cloud for the top mass
comes from an economic symmetry breaking.

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And therefore, to some extent, that is the
only natural Quark Enos and the moment in

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that respect that Allah Quark which has
this mass exactly in the week scale.

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So this is a nice finishing one. The first

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One that we will see today and so, what

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we still have to understand and attracts a
lot of our attention. So, nucleus large

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mass use a sizable collection from
electronic observables and therefore, we

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were able to actually almost observe it
before it was actually falling on the

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floor and drives forever changing the
track currents and contributions in the

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Solomon limits. Now, if you use if one was
seamlessly mass on the top is arising from

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a theory of files per se and I know
leaners, Gamal know then he realizes that

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such a large mass buys from were mechanism
for his generation, which is a very low

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scale, you know, if you see and therefore
that's why also we are interested in the

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top part. And as we all know it from
driving

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Experiment ology

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and also makes potential in timescales.
So, the mass of the Higgs that is one on

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the Catholics richer in the Standard Model
influences on the higher energy behavior.

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So, this is a

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this is shown in this little famous,
famous plotter on the left hand side the

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fact that his mass drives needs for
potential to be unstable at very high

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scales and therefore, it shows that a lot
of faith of the effects of the model is

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the only theory apply a scale.

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So, what if you find yourself in a stable
region and as this is important because,

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as shown here, this position of this on
the fence functionally on the value of

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A class which we measure experimentally,
and then I can sign the internal

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consistency on the sun the moment is also
very much dependent on the value

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of the puppet master. And here surely what
the PDG it shows that currently there is

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some kind of tension between the direct
and the indirect measurements at

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the top mass. So this find, no it's an
indirect the indirect measurement, find

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the muscle with thought, like higher if
the maximum value is the client.

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Okay, so the thought must mean the most
important parameter is actually run alert.

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That is the least understood there's not a
lot of stylism on this mute, sit, relax

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the thinking in terms and payments are all
mass which is the position on the pole. If

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the top was the

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A lesson from a theorem which is not so
this object and some kind of local

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mechanic pretty recently flexing lift back
net. So what is massiveness? Likely

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undefined? May several hundreds of me. And
there's been a study recently by Rivas,

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Neo and collaborators from Milan, or they
showed really that nice no mail. This is

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actually a reflection of several of the
news. And this is a plot showing that

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defense on the radios on the y axis is
very normal. And so how big are these

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uncertainties? No problem looking at the
surface. You see that for Ms bone mass,

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which is a short distance months now,
slightly smaller than the full mass, but

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they're both there for up syllable return
for inclusion.

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So it's also conclusive a parameter which
is the sharpness parameter then as far

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this is a very recent paper.

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By catonian collaborators which shows them
defer to the team expansion, when on the

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cross sectional, the top human in terms of
distributions behaves much better. If a

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message showbusiness must use but actually
the understanding why. So it's not really

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clear yet. So still understanding. But
this is an interesting observation on what

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it is. So our person with the expansion of
keeping my cross section behaves method

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when expressed in terms of a short
distance, mass. So there's been an effort

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in the last years also Andre on his family
said, you were introducing argues for some

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kind of interpolating mass between the
mass short distance and long distance.

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Actually, all these muscles that he
introduced, an R is a short distance mass,

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but so long, depending on the scale in
which he's calculating, you can throw it

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to me all the shortness those muscles met
the new forms in the class.

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Now on their way

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I'm accessing the puppet masters on this
does and then see well one is indirectly

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from the perception measurement not from a
construction of fantasy objects. And very

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recently also this idea of accessing
through to measurement on this law on the

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value muscle and don't have to focus until
it says so you see on this left hand plot,

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you see the machine on the right a mass
changes. Now event man is our animal for

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changes law and the mass of the goal. It's
like the mass on the top. So these

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measurements, if possible, would lead to a
measurement on the shortness of mass or

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equivalent, occasional mass. So his
argument has been confirmed that later my

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journey collaborators were also use the
Erie summation to predict the region

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around the transition, which is not a
smooth air. However, the changes lock is

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still there, and therefore can be used to
determine it.

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shortness customers infinity.

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Now,

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what about the production, so,

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tough as mean falling social distancing,
so far it only goes out with relatives,

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people Tiki Bar comes up in pairs or it
goes out alone, most of the time money

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goes up in other part because the cross
section so the frequency is much lower.

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And it goes now and then very quickly, so
we go and they feel that a minute because

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whenever we ask when an associate the
production and even more right from our

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owners or managers when other people are
asked in the final state, so the same kind

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of studies are now being performed. Also,
for single top it says this property and

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this is a strong production repairs,
single pups in a week.

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Production electronic production, and
therefore is more sensitive to the

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calculations that happens when we thought
about tracking along with automation

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recently.

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So what how do we proceed that to make
predictions? Well, there is a new time in

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the field. So now we are always new news
to think about, you know, Leaning,

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leaning, and that's the next option. And
then when we think them is in terms of the

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living thermistor, sounding acoustic,
different actions. So in this block here,

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this kind of power connection is this one
on the left hand, and is what normally

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people talk when they talk about meaning
and meaning. They're also left with

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corrections which are mixed correction
here in this model, essentially narrow,

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which is a mix of

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corrections, but also weaker interactions
are.

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So this is a way of hierarchy. There are
many terms and enter this amplitude level

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so far, so

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If I want the next 3d motor computation, I
interfere involved usually with Yvonne

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well, but if I looking for the next the
next I also for all, who was for actual,

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if I'm looking for next let me know that
electroweak then I start mixing diagrams

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and therefore, the way we compute them
becomes much more complicated and

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and then in different bonds and different
multiplication has to be included. So,

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this is a neat idea. Now, the trend is to
actually be able to compute the formula

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and then all what they call what they call
the complete end alone which means all the

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configuration returning this line on this
block but which are here and also estimate

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contribution which are difficult nowadays
to compute the return this next next

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meaning burner and a three connection
which is blocked here, return estimate and

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by combining financial in the multimedia

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Factor

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okay. So where are we where what do we
need? Well nowadays what we reach is

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certainly next to really complete for most
of the production processes less than less

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than anything on there for QC is only
available for the two main production

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mechanism. And we know that it's important
to control uncertainties. And then of

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course, there are a bunch of financial
which in this third direction role and we

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some alarms log contribution or any case
reason which are universal, as we as those

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for example, let karma from

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loop a while loop inducible which leads to
introduction of the moon. So this is the

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topic right and the next step is social
Python the thought that thought as a weird

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The reason is originally error estimation.
Effective an eye opener which relates the

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fact that

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As a silent lifetime, actually it gives
very briefly, and therefore as we know,

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it's almost

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naked, it does not realize and this gives
us a number of possibilities only space

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for me and not

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for anybody for the fact that we can
measure the synchronization. And therefore

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we have a fourth direction in the top
Nikkei, which allows us to access a city

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on tomorrow.

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So another famous one in the top physics
is the fact that top Nikki's are mostly in

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visa and therefore is the is the key model
is unique, basically, right? And this has

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been measured even by CMS obviously easier
with a ballot measure coming from Sumo

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pop.

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So what Amanda wave so the weave, for us
is a complication is a complication

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because it's a lot if you want to achieve
but very pressing

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Production tuning them with the fact we
have to also include the contribution

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which I know resonant diagrams work. But
that's not even up here is an intermediate

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state. There is a technology that's being
developed up today. And that is given a

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very nice interview yesterday. And

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so what we are now able to put for an
clinician for Musa Musa he also proceeded

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with for a very large number of top five
states. So this is a summary of our state

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of the speakers of our opinion chosen.
today.

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I'm not going to go through this Mr.
Mentor as a reference, but just a you can

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really see that our status is right right
now has been truly tremendously and we

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have a complete lesson meaning for
basically all processes and that appear in

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this list and also many reasons

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retirees son that a threshold within less
than less cleaning on their resolution and

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yet often effects and also which is
important for a lessee measurement. Most

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of the results are also available
interface with the shower and even merger

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and match that with that move them as
subjects contribution from experts. So, is

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this also interesting that there will be
also talks among these in the panel

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session I mentioned in one moment,
yesterday, there will be tomorrow thought

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may nominate on the computer or actions on
a single thought and a thought my UI nice

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on you on this? Because I'm thinking about
nominee and completeness. So even going

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there on Friday.

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So what do we do with all this procedure?
Right? Why we actually spend so much time

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energy and money to make these

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A standard moment calculation so accurate.
Well, there is a way of thinking about it,

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of course is towards measuring
understanding and be sure on the standard

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moment sizes, best stress testing on them
on on the warning, but on the other hand

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is really to search for new physics as
much as research when you visit Nanakuli

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in Tennessee. So, today is the novel is
that people use for doing this is that on

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the efe were we allowed the standard
longer with a tower of operators which can

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you mention six or higher and then you
have the supporter is shown here on the

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right is then the year that as where as
our procedural accuracy goes up, so our

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uncertainty go down. Now our access our
ability to point to a higher scale point

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when you're scanning lambda influences so
our last meeting exploring how to scale

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goes on. So there is a new way, a
different way of accessing your energies

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and scarcity, which goes beyond the
engines of medicine in itself, which is

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through precision, right. So this way of
searching for your physics is not limited

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by nature of the calendar, but only with
the precision of our measurements. So it's

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really powerful in principle, and that's
the way in considerable effort is been

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going on.

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So, one of the ways we do this, well there
is a tooth in mind and there is a way my

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guest accessing Catholics have a thought
and in this example of dizzy final state,

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which show which hand a top and dizzy, but
also in final states where one of the two

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particle is missing. Here given the
example of dizzy from lecture when the top

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is in the loop, okay? And this is the same
as I was showing before, where I was

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looking at gamma gamma

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Pop mass as an effect in May observable
fantasy, but then is not thought, per se

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in the fantasy. So there are two kinds of
observables, which we can use in terms of

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the thought or without the top on the
political merely consuming. So how does it

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work? Well, it's complicated in the Union,
there are many operators. But in the end,

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the committee is learning how to deal with
that. Even though now different degrees of

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freedom, these things are actually much
less than what and then in eighth, now

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another scalping approach will give you so
he's also an augmenting principle that

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helps understanding in somewhat porting
your hierarchy among those operators those

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interactions, which are mostly probable, I
think, than manual physics. So we

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classified them. We have tools and papers,
which tells us what group

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and experimental communities start with

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Looking into this, but so for example, I
must be what one makes a list like in this

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demo of how many of our processes with
tops in the final state and mixer list on

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the, on the columns on each of these few
of them, which enter a look were named

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after. Okay? So for example, we can this
is rejected, which isn't a Cinderella of a

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thought process production processes with
a hate handle fan color cross section, of

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course, is not our first process that we
look at and we'll talk more in the

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following you find enough time when you
see this process are fantastic property,

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but actually, if you miss it, basically
Oh, almost all new furniture which have

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been missing here. There will be another
pop back on Friday on specific topics

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company, which I certainly invite them to
follow. So let me reiterate in the last

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four minutes, let me give you true example
I will not make it perfect.

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There is a fourth example in the initial
material and then

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So, something recent

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there is a discrepancy. So, what happens
in the solicitation in the lower in volume

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mass measurement on the 50 mark threshold,
if I compare theory with experiment I

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assume that theory undershoot the data or
something, which is somewhat outside our a

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certain command. So, this has been not
this now, since some time and I remind you

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that several years ago like 20 years ago,
people actually look at this threshold

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effect. So, can I give an iron condor
episode as shown and propose that maybe

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there was a picture exactly as the flashy
miners because in the color singlet

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channel of new loops and TMR and then the
tops are produced very close to threshold

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are very slow in the brackish water and
the non psychosexual executive sexual

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Then in recent calculation by one knee,
and collaborators, as shown, then these

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affect these no higher or that his effect
is still here actually, isn't that much

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more refined from potential effects? And
the need on the right and the plot that

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you see here, that includes all these
effects in us the conceptual influential,

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and by an amount, which is still not
there, even but it goes in the right

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direction. So why am I mentioning these in
the context of NFP? Well, because there's

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been measurement even by CMS about that,
in this meme, and as we used to cross

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train for example, they exchange on the
top

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in the threshold, which means their
contribution to this Mina, which scales

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like wipey Square and therefore can we use
that to construct a new cover company, and

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this is a loop effect right is the heat
without leaves is a Tiki Bar effect.

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Which is sensitive also to the gamma
calculate of the top. So I'm really

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interesting. I think there will be work
for the next month to come to see how

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these result I'm affected by this new
computation. So I really just have three

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minutes. Yeah. Free Yes. Okay.

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So when I'm on EasyJet as the example I
was using before, so from the Cinderella

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thought, single topic electoral process is

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a CMS and both Apple and CMS at the office
and easier as be measured

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as a measure of this process. Now, we have
a cross sector measurement, which is

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actually in agreement with theory as
potential and why this is so interesting.

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Well, because we recently now Come soon, a
new prediction from theory in the complete

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and the law predictions, so electroweak
and using the corrections both in the full

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flavor in the five flavors key, so we are
really ready to compare with our

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Message Thunder model and to calculate the
difference between our exponential is

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Thunder moment and the measurement to
actually constrain your physics. So then

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the number of operators the number of
deformations on this phenomenon in an

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entity this process is actually very
exciting There are even cancellation there

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is a new type of behavior can be Mouser.
We'll talk more about these on Thursday

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afternoon. And this process actually has a
huge potential for the term meaning and

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measurement this definition is shown by
this connection which have been calculated

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next one will be more curious
interestingly, when I seen the ninja tail

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operators, and the largest effect as
exactly we expect from these kind of

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physics effects in detail, so let me close
the main just flashing the Tiki Bar is the

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experimental result. So it's also mean
that now in perpetuity,

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In CMS, within the

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medic Smith approach. So you see here a
comparison with the dynamic constraints

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from CMS top down, not through, not
through measurement, and directly from the

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data of these coefficients compare within
the termination that groups repeats, and

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achieve. So what is this bringing us to
Alaska cruise lines? Well, it's allowing

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us to

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add the possibility of concentrating
globally with top sector. So this is an

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effort that has been going on since almost
five years has been fine, me or my group,

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my new top theatre group, which are
starting these efforts in 2015. And then

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there's new follow with a candle that I
find interesting going on. And now I'm

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here, I'm showing you

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Have these adverts one done as filter one
done by this whole May as method

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collaboration, where in most cases allowed
to nominal top syllable as included in the

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next meeting Gordon excuse me finishing
this man as he was then you see from here,

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I just made a this rule Kersey over the
limit from the no mixer we were on tripod

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years ago in the context of ended up
working for Uber and now he's on the moon.

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So let's say they're very one then
actually

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leaving it for me today. So as I was
saying before, this is a letter that has

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been asked me to do it globally, because
even proposed trains operator which enter

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in the top sector, we actually need
observables coming from measurement in the

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electric sector and in the hip sector. So
this is what's going on.

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Now, of course, the number of operators in
places, many people defending the feet, of

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course increases is a first name flailing
around the clock when we show that this is

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possible, right, and then needs only work
and work to be done. So this is my last

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line, which Michael fusion. So the top
Quark is special. And this new special

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actually relies on the fact that he's
always done that work in the summer

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moment. It plays an important role and
invalid in easily three behavior. He

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00:26:38,370 --> 00:26:44,700
suggests right suggesting that it could be
highly some surprise or some insights on

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our momentum breaking a sector. There have
been tremendous improvement in the last

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few years on making standard modern
financial return accurate and complete. No

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completely not. And then the law has been
completed.

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Prove that which opens up the possibility
of making studies that only a few years

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ago when thinking about. So that, you
know, in the same time it is a campaign or

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precision menu, which we will hear more in
the following, which allows us to measure

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properties in percentage precision in the
main channel. And all successes in for the

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00:27:24,360 --> 00:27:28,740
first time we were at the final state
state commission. If you are single, we're

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unthinkable even to me precisely mutual
for and now we have a framework which is a

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lot global, which is universal, that
allows us to interpret this measurement,

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trying to really make the most out of them
to maximize their

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00:27:48,510 --> 00:27:55,200
sensitivity by combining maximally and
obviously observable in various sectors,

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00:27:55,980 --> 00:27:59,190
prediction even from this framework are
now available.

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in increasing order on accuracy, and the
father, these are very right and act in

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line of development. We're actually here
is an experiment police are working in a

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00:28:12,960 --> 00:28:18,360
really interconnected way. Thanks very
much. Thank you for your for this very

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00:28:18,360 --> 00:28:27,900
nice. Are you with me interesting results
summarized. So we have 220 participants.

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00:28:27,900 --> 00:28:30,720
So I'm sure there are some questions, so
please raise your hand

315
00:28:31,740 --> 00:28:33,480
so that we can unmute you.

316
00:28:43,680 --> 00:28:48,840
I don't see any hands. So maybe I start so
can you comment maybe on the because you

317
00:28:48,840 --> 00:28:54,990
had a very nice summary table, about the
different level of accuracy on your slide

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00:28:54,990 --> 00:28:55,650
21.

319
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Then

320
00:29:00,329 --> 00:29:05,639
Yeah, okay can you come into about the
tools to be able to use that? Well, in

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00:29:05,639 --> 00:29:12,239
particular, the nano computation we spot
on shower first and then maybe something

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00:29:12,239 --> 00:29:17,519
about inclusion of the the little bit

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00:29:18,690 --> 00:29:21,870
21 issue go and the possibility to include

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00:29:23,070 --> 00:29:23,640
the

325
00:29:24,840 --> 00:29:28,560
decay at the same order as it kills the
tops together with those.

326
00:29:35,280 --> 00:29:36,840
I cannot hear you.

327
00:29:37,920 --> 00:29:39,870
Yeah, sorry I muted myself

328
00:29:42,360 --> 00:29:43,560
all this life even though

329
00:29:44,610 --> 00:29:51,270
the name doesn't matter anyway. So the
point there that so far we have now

330
00:29:51,270 --> 00:29:56,970
different tools which are available.
Calculate next the next one in the world

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00:29:56,970 --> 00:29:57,960
and observables

332
00:29:59,520 --> 00:29:59,970
for today,

333
00:30:00,000 --> 00:30:05,160
Kumar. And also we have professional
institutional for civil pop and these are

334
00:30:05,580 --> 00:30:07,620
in the form of

335
00:30:08,760 --> 00:30:14,610
multi catalog, not locally mentioned
anything, but they follow a consensus that

336
00:30:14,880 --> 00:30:20,490
they are not providing events and waiting.
Okay.

337
00:30:21,540 --> 00:30:24,720
So there is an effort from going to a

338
00:30:26,160 --> 00:30:32,610
more general approach going so far as far
as the law, tiki bar

339
00:30:33,870 --> 00:30:39,750
is not steel at the moment the processes
when we hope we're making good progress in

340
00:30:39,750 --> 00:30:42,810
the future, as far as I know, of course,
maybe the will.

341
00:30:44,310 --> 00:30:46,950
So there's no end in the law plus

342
00:30:49,140 --> 00:30:55,440
and yes, or necessarily the law. Yes.
framework for the moment.

343
00:30:56,700 --> 00:30:57,210
And this

344
00:30:58,470 --> 00:31:00,000
is also why we're awesome forward.

345
00:31:00,000 --> 00:31:04,680
Thought UK and therefore can make and you
can also

346
00:31:05,700 --> 00:31:12,030
make your initial from distributions worst
inclination, so to some extent implement.

347
00:31:15,420 --> 00:31:19,410
Okay. And the other equipment so questions
for Fabio

348
00:31:23,040 --> 00:31:25,770
yeah Greg, let's try to

349
00:31:27,540 --> 00:31:28,920
you can talk now.

350
00:31:30,240 --> 00:31:31,020
Hi Hi there.

351
00:31:32,820 --> 00:31:38,400
Quick question. So on slide 20 you
mentioned this all the calculations which

352
00:31:38,400 --> 00:31:44,190
are either done or about to get done and
all of these five flavors scheme is it any

353
00:31:44,190 --> 00:31:47,490
different than for flavor scheme is it
harder or simpler?

354
00:31:48,690 --> 00:31:51,330
All right, sorry. Nice was a

355
00:31:53,790 --> 00:31:59,100
you know I was ordering then using the
face key Franklin was even says that some

356
00:31:59,100 --> 00:31:59,970
of these results

357
00:32:00,000 --> 00:32:04,650
nosamo these methods can be studied in
moleskin. So for example, you notice a

358
00:32:04,650 --> 00:32:10,590
nice table and Tiki Bar BB bar. And the
reason was that I was thinking in terms of

359
00:32:10,590 --> 00:32:16,020
five schemes not that those are missing,
there are conditionals in both schemes as

360
00:32:16,020 --> 00:32:21,900
I was mentioning for EasyJet for example,
both for flavor and in five flavor

361
00:32:23,880 --> 00:32:30,540
and there will be more I mentioned that in
the final section. So when you make thurs

362
00:32:30,870 --> 00:32:31,920
we add both,

363
00:32:33,420 --> 00:32:36,270
we think that now we understand somewhat

364
00:32:39,120 --> 00:32:43,710
Well, I'm gonna call them and say
something about your nice lovely, well,

365
00:32:43,770 --> 00:32:48,300
the flow flavor scheme in the initial
state, and all the progress has been made

366
00:32:48,300 --> 00:32:54,150
there. So we somewhat handle now surfaces
that come from these two different scheme.

367
00:32:54,450 --> 00:32:59,970
If the knees come from a nation state. I
must say that this is not the safest

368
00:33:00,000 --> 00:33:00,810
final step

369
00:33:01,920 --> 00:33:07,860
is to enlarge on certain things. For
example, if you keep up the bar, a lot of

370
00:33:07,860 --> 00:33:12,000
progress is we make there. Also the
conference on the expo session working

371
00:33:12,000 --> 00:33:18,090
group met someone and we are lacking some
fundamental understanding on what's going

372
00:33:18,090 --> 00:33:24,150
on them when one scheme is really met than
than another for depending of course on

373
00:33:24,150 --> 00:33:29,520
the observable for right from the age of
appsumo, which we are interested in. So

374
00:33:29,520 --> 00:33:31,800
there is a lot of work going on in that
direction.

375
00:33:34,500 --> 00:33:39,450
Okay, thank you. Fabulous. I think we
should move on with the next talks. Thank

376
00:33:39,450 --> 00:33:46,320
you all. Yeah, so just, yeah, we forgot to
remind you, when you raise your hand and

377
00:33:46,320 --> 00:33:47,850
ask a question, please remind.

378
00:33:48,870 --> 00:33:51,960
Remind us your your name and experiment
that would be nice.