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See? Good. So

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yes indeed. I'm going to

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talk today about the interplay between
science and art. And what Michael Hall,

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who is he also panelists and I need to get
the build up in a small rural place in the

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mountainous regions in Switzerland. The
blog status is very old photograph it

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shows Victor has at the balloons light.
And I think all of you know from your

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teaching classes or from university
classes that Victor has been awarded the

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Nobel Prize for the discovery of cotton
race, which he managed to do in balloon

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flights. If you also look about the logos
at the bottom, you see there has been

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quite some activity, quite some
involvement. There was this rich society.

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I'm president It was the Swiss Institute
of particle physics, which is all the

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Swiss profit physics Institute's in
particular University of Bern and

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University of freeboard because I have
appointment with both of these. And also a

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high altitude Research Station, which is a
place where cosmic rays have been studied

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under still being research going on up
there. philosopher here the origin logo is

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a network from around Michael Hall talking
about all the physics that is needed in

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order to understand the origin of the
universe. So this is basically also an

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umbrella around here. If you think about
the shadow date, this is how it looks

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like. It's really a very small village,
mountainous region and you all know very

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Geneva very CERN, you have Lake Geneva and
chapter D. See you Quite remote. It's

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about a two hours drive from Geneva to get
there. And when you go there, that's what

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you find. So why do you want to do
particle physics up there? What is

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specific up there? Well, specific up there
is the international hot air balloon

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Festival, which is going on yearly since
1979. It's always in winter, and all the

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aeronauts all the loonies, to go there and
for one week to have fun, let them slide

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together after a special week. You may
have heard about share today in the

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context of the Breitling orbiter. This is
the balloon that 20 years ago in 1999,

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departed to a flight around the globe
nonstop. And this was the first time I was

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the only one this is this worked out and
place of departure was indeed Chateau de

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again. This was mostly his religion. The
capsule, the pilots for living in is not

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very comfortable. It's more like a space
capsule. But that's how they survived.

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Because this is just to put a chat today
in context. Because of this Breitling

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orbiter because it's famous for balloonist
shutter day has a balloon museum. And this

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balloon museum here you have some
impression. It's a small little house

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here. And if you go in there you see
balloon equipment and you see instruments

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that are being used in balloon flights.
Nothing to do with particle physics, and

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not a single visitor who goes to expect to
learn anything about particles. Not even

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the director of the museum had any idea
about the scientific background of

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balloons. However, and a thesis that arts
now becomes a big player. If you're

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running a museum like this one in a remote
place, you have to attract people

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Visitors. So the curator, the director of
the museum is always adding temporary

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exhibitions. So that is some some, it's a
bit of changing and a bit of lively and

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people will go there not just once, but
when there is a new temporary exhibition,

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they will go a second or a third time.
Michael, whom most of you will know here

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from the origin network are also known for
artists EMF, he had his artwork in

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exhibition in relay and the curator of the
museum, the director, she saw Michael's

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exhibition rubric and thought that's a
good addition to make a temporary

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something in in the balloon museum. And
that's how initial context started. But

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it's, it's a pure coincidence. And, of
course, then Michael had the idea to have

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to present his artwork and today, he
contacted me and for us as particle

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physicists obvious We have to add the
science part of it. And cosmic rays is the

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obvious link.

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We could get the science director
interested in this concept and the

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merchandise we could get started.
Everybody knows Victor has this is the

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photo again. And this is Victor Hayes in
balloon flight in 1912 when he got a Nobel

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Prize in 36. But if you look about the
balloonist what they did is this Victor

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has in 9012 range, something like 5000
something meters. It was another guy in

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1914 call her so he reached up way above
9000. This was quite adventurous at that

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period to think about the oxygen, but he
is a person of that Coco 1909. And this is

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data that he measures his dark blue dots
here, clearly also closed off slightly.

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This is data from 1909 and nobody
remembers Coco, the reason he died in 27

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before the no practice given so he could
no longer be considered but basically he

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was the first to thought there is
something coming up. Those of you who are

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interested want to know more know more
about Coco. He was German born in, but

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keeping a professor in Freiburg in three
boys Switzerland is a road named after

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him. So it's locally famous but
internationally completely forgotten. But

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his story is written up in a paper as you
have here, the link and everything so you

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can get the details. And basically, it is
all about coke who coined the term cosmic

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radiation goes back to him. And it was he
was the first who said something is coming

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from above. But evil he could not conclude
to the end he wanted to go higher, but

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could not get the means you could not get
a support to go hire two people Because he

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could not get the resources that Victor
has could take over and is then today

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known for what is three, three. But for us
to set up the exhibition, it gave us a

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good storyline a good narrative. Because
Coco as he was professor in three boards,

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which claims he is a local hero for that
exhibition, and they can put up a

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narrative. He also had more narratives to
put up because if you think about the

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mountain tops and he is a research lab on
top of this mountain tops in the research

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lab on the infra yo three and a half
thousand meters, so it's more about cosmic

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rays to talk about. In addition, as I'm
also Professor newly freeboard at three,

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some legacy, ancient legacy from outer
Goku, and they found that an original 100

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year old electro method that they used to
measure all kinds of ionization of air

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This gave us quite some material to do
something. And indeed, we, Michael and I,

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we could put up a huge poster in three
languages German, English and French, a

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lot of text. Putting up the pioneers of
cosmic rays together without the Goku as

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the local hero is Victor haces Nobel Prize
winner and we've called who's to have kind

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of a height record. And also another
artwork is the poster that invites people

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to go to this exhibition. And as you
already can see, this thing called a

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prolongation because of success. what it
also does, it shows not only the old

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aspects of 100 years ago, it shows the ISS
if the ANS experiment it shows weather

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balloons it shows it shows underground
cosmic ray detectors like super common

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candy or do g etc etc. So Putting the old
research and modern research in context.

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Remember, people go into this museum to
learn about balloons. And not to learn

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that balloons have been important for
science cause grace. So because rates need

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to stop people, take them fascinate
agents. And this is impressions from

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inside you see the balloon. But you see
here the artwork you see posterization. So

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those who are not fully engaged in
science, they still like the art and the

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four whole family will feel good when they
go in. Because those who are interested in

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the physics will be pleased those who are
interested in the science will be pleased

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that they have something to exchange and
talk together. It's a concept that seems

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to be successful. A few more years, the
big poster, hanging optics. over to this

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is two and a half meters wide. Just to
give you a context.

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could show original items from Goku
electrometer. Here it is our letters that

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Coco tried to get gas hydrogen gas to fly
higher which he couldn't get decent

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results immortal blades from the moon for
your research station. Okay details but a

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lot more posters with details. Again, both
Mater cosmic rays. And what were the

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discoveries made in cosmic rays into
context with Aurora Borealis. Lots of

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text. You could be afraid of putting text
into poster, but it's three languages

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German, English, French, everything
discoveries made and how you detect all

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these particles. And people caught stetic
get interested in it because they see

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balloons. They see all history. They see
our aura Borealis to get interesting and

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entropy interacts further activity That
further so that we can bring the audience

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and lift the narrative to something
particular. Because we can make our own

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cosmic rays. ie we can accelerate
particles and study them in laboratory

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conditions. That's what we do. At the LSE.
They bring up the LFC detectors. This is

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for Switzerland, Switzerland is not in
Alice. So you only see Atlassian

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messenger, especially because of the Swiss
context. But not because you don't like

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this but in order to keep the narrative to
the local scope. And out of this, we can

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talk about the Nah, no understand
another's build up, because you have been

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studying cosmic rays because they have
been colliding these particles because

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you've learned something. And out of this,
they can understand what is Big Bang

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cosmology, and how the universe came,
evolved directly after the Big Bang. And

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here I am there to show the Standard Model
alliteration. could think too much takes

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too complicated, but the effect was,
people liked it. Maybe they liked it

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because of the art. But this is not just a
story that the curator cases because

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people, they, they started to spend time
in this museum. The typical time a person

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stayed in the museum significantly
increased. They wanted to read, they got

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fascinated. And they almost doubled the
number of visitors that went into this

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museum. The flux increased. So this all it
got coverage and local news and old days

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triggered. This has to be proven gated,
rather than a temporary exhibition for a

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few months. It became a temporary
exhibition that was there almost for two

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years being planned. It has more effects.
There is also the balloon festival, not

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just deep museum directors, the organizer
of the balloon festival. Of course, they

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know the people from the museum, but they
are different. But the director, director

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of the balloon festival got fixed up. And
he thought, this is something to have to

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bring in. And he thought, the particle
physics so this experience must become a

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major element, the lead element in the
this year's hot air balloon festival in

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February 2020, January 2020, a few months
back, the director of this balloon

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festival, and he came up with his idea to
his local Organizing Committee. He had

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initially quite some resistance because
they thought this doesn't work. People

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want to do balloon flights and not know
about science. In a way he managed to

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convince everybody and we could run our
show and we had a full week before this

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balloon festival, this historic balloons
like that we flew up to 4000 meters with

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cosmic ray detectors. So I could, he could
bring in Thank you, Sasha, I could bring

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in the universe of female students in it.
We have workshops and children day in,

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etc, etc. So all this could keep science
and the particles because of race active

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over a full week during the festival. What
you see here, these are my students from

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pre war and this is the cosmic ray
detector that they put up hooked up. I

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don't want to go into detail how it is
going on, but my students have to work to

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the geometric calculations. So they got
out of this outreach activity. They got

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some real work to do. They had fun. They
were hooking up the

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new telescope at the balloon basket. This
is a photograph which Michael Hawk and I

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might Students, in fact a balloon is being
put up. And indeed they're flying up and

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higher. up to 4000 meters see me you see
the famous balloon pilot he won an

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internet international prizes to two of my
students. This is a photo out to 4000

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meters, where we now have tilted the mute
telescope by 45 degrees measuring two

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angles coming up and indeed, as a function
of altitude, it costs a great increase so

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we could prove again in balloon flights
Yes, science and physics works at present

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that at the festival in a public talk, you
see me here talking to the to the audience

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directly after landing now later, huge
talk with quite an attentive audience who

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were captivated because the topic was
there they could invite the kids to play

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with cloud chambers is the staff putting
up with you You can see here it is. It's

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all in shock today at the balloon festival
so all the balloonist could see something

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that did not expect before. This trick,
it's local TV, this triggered newspapers.

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And it also triggered an article in CERN
Korea so we could get quite some some

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impact on that. And to conclusion on that

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particle physics works at remote places.

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A museum that initially had nothing to do
with signs or particles, or accelerators

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or CERN, the universe etc. They've thought
about the temporary exhibition, and

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initially only art Microsoft was an
attractor. But the narrative if a local

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relevance, allowed to bring the visitor
who just expected balloons to get driven

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into particle physics and into the modern
understanding of how the universe works in

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a easy to follow story, starting with
balloon flights in 1909 If you add works

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of art that relate the science that is
being shown, then you are adding another

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level of how the visitor being involved
engaged emotionally into the subject. So

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this is opening up getting them in to
visit a stem cells overtaken unexpectedly.

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And we're typically quite fascinated at
the museum attracted many more visitors

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than in other years. The museum planned to
prolong the exhibition on March 21.

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However, because of Corona, this
prolongation is now coming to an end. But

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this is no artist this bad luck. Because
of all this, they get invited into the

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festival slow have huge impact there. And
indeed, what I can say here, particle

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physics works in rural places,
geographically detached, but no Engage

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enacting fascination is a huge audience.
And this is all I wanted to say here.

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Thanks a lot.

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All right. Thanks, Peter. Any questions?

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From audio attendees?

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I see a question from a

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panelist.

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Okay, then we take that first. You can
speak up as you like. Oh, duh, sorry.

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I'm Speedo when you have to when you will
dismantle the exhibition at this place is

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are there any plans to bring this
elsewhere?

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We have, we're open to having to notice in
other areas as well because the exhibition

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now because of Kuru. Not everything is
shut down the museum had to close could

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not accept any visitors anymore. Now it
can accept visitors but under stranger

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regulations and distancing, etc. So the
museum decided they want to use this extra

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time to do some refurbishment, internally.
They are advancing other projects. So for

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that reason, all the exhibition items are
now freed up and can be reused. But we

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have to find a new place to bring it up.
And usually it's not so easy to bring it

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to, to convince another museum to put up
an exhibition, but we do have plans in

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Perth in Switzerland, that we can rebuild
for us what they have, but it may not be

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immediate.

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Okay, because that would be great. I think
it's a really good approach also to the

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people who are not that much interested in
science usually, were more fond of

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entertainment and then they Get collided
with these signs. That's

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a very important remark with all these
activities, you're very successful if you

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get the people in their places they go. If
you if you do a science exhibition in

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science museum or at a university open
day, we only get those people who are

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really interested in the topic. In this
framework here, we managed to get the new

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people who advice most likely would never
have put the foot inside the university or

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inside the Science Museum because it's
it's not in the scope of what they

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typically do. And generalizing I'm sure
there are many it's a fraction who do it

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anyhow, but it for a large fraction, I
guess they would never go to science

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museum but he they got into got fascinated
and

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all right. Everybody

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I can see an electronic hands. I'm just
just a short comment that I mean the size

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and stuff looks like it would fit well in
the Duchy museum and bond. So if you're

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interested, I could try to, you know, link
you up at least to see if they're

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interested in they can talk to you.

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Oh, definitely. Definitely.

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All right. Any other questions for Hans
pizza. Otherwise, we can also allow for

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follow up questions if there are for any
of the other speakers

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that we had before.

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So, yes.

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Let's meet again. I have a question for
Beth.

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So on the histogram, I saw that in
chemistry, there were more than 50% women

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or girls actually these are still school
people.

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Any idea or comments on

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what's happening there?

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Yeah.

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Yeah, I, I have a, what the data say there
is actually chemistry used to be. In our

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country as imbalanced as physics. What
happened is that the government made it a

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requirement for medicine that you have to
study chemistry and practically overnight,

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number of girls went up. So sometimes the
pressure from elsewhere has a kind of

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unintended consequence, I guess. And

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there's your leverage point.

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You should know some physics to write.

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That would be one question I have at which
level the way they sort of enforced to

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have chemistry so they have to have it in
high school to start a medicine. Exactly.

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So you have to do 16 your A Levels and
which is what we do. 16 to 18 before going

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on to

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undergraduate level.

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So, yeah.

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All right then Michael,

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all the questions about Ben path.

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What is the age actually, when they decide
which to turn off science or to switch on

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science for their future career? What is
it when they have to do the inspiration

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and the engagement that they decide that
physics and chemistry and science is

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something interesting for their future
path?

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Yeah, so really, there is quite compelling
evidence. So young people make their minds

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up about what's for them and what's not
for them as early as seven, which is kind

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of terrifying. And obviously, a lot of
outreach and engagement does start a

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second. We do it predominantly work three
as well. But I think there is a real roles

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and starting as early as possible, and
working with with really young children to

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kind of challenge those preconceptions as
well.

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But what's, what's the since you talked
about role models, or we, in general,

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several people talked at the age of seven?
Because I mean, many students don't even

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have physics or chemistry or anything,
even as a subject at school at that level.

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So, I mean, is it then the parents or is
it

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not even necessarily just science? You
know, if you think about and certainly I

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can't talk from the perspective of
curriculum across Europe, but certainly in

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we do a lot of work in in primary schools,
kind of getting people in from the local

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community. So, you know, is there an
opportunity there to ensure that the

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firefighter comes in or the police are
kind of challenging stereotypes? And I'd

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say as well Not just overtly challenging
stereotypes, but also prompting a

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conversation in young people about
preconceptions that they have. Obviously,

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that's done at a much different level
younger than then it could be older.

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Just just hear it just give me a one to
one chance to make one comment, which has

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just popped up in my mind. Because if you
say seven year old, make up their mind if

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some topic is interesting or not, and our

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input,

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well, to have to work with children is
fine. But I think when I heard that, it's

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much more important to work with the
teachers of these children, because if

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they aren't the these primary school
teachers are not settled and not convinced

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they are the main role models for them. So
if they are able to present scientific

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topics in an interesting way, these my
interest in them so I think We should also

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focus to the teachers training of these
teachers who work with seven year old that

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they feel confident and this is the
science is something curious and

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interesting.

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I mean, just come I think you're quite
right in terms of the role of the teacher

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as an influencer. And it's not just
teachers, of course, but parents,

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everybody who surrounds that young person
and has an influence on the choices they

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take. But I'd even say it's broader. It
doesn't even need to be about presenting

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science and it just needs to be about
them. encouraging young people not to

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close down doors and opportunities based
on their elements of their identity. So I

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wouldn't even say this is about having a
big drive for science specialists in

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primary schools. I think it's broader.
That's kind of challenging stereotypes and

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conditioning.

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Fear Harry had another question, but in
general, if any of the attendees has

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another question and please just raise a
virtual hend

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Harry, thanks. Um, I was just wondering
how

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sort of this The pattern is replicated
across Europe. I don't know if you know,

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if you're focused on the UK, but whether
you have a sense of whether there are

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countries that do better, and what that
what they do differently, there are

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examples of that.

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I don't think there's any kind of nation
that's completely,

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you know, winning.

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It's kind of challenging and smashing
gender stereotypes, and that there is some

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really interesting evidence out there, but
you know, around kind of different

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nations, and I guess the role of careers
that physics leads to as well. So in some

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nations, there actually are many more
progressing in physics, but it's actually

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that the careers that leads to don't have
honors highly respected in society. So

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there is a little bit of them. something
quite interesting there. But no, I mean

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kind of, you know, interested to hear from
for anyone else if this is if this is very

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different in other nations and I don't
want to completely monopolize this but I

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did there was also a question earlier
around golf if anybody wants me to

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contribute their some thoughts that I'm
more than happy to, but I don't want them

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to know

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was a comment from Herbert

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Toby or not really comment was just a
question over to john Butterworth. Do you

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have any kind of feeling for you know what
people you've reached with your books? I

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mean, I know you've traveled around quite
a bit of book festivals and stuff. And so

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it's probably pretty broad. But if you
have a feeling for who you're getting at

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who you're reaching or

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no, not really, I mean, I know the numbers
but I don't have any demographic

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breakdown. I mean, I know how many of you
bought the book and I know that when I go

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talk in schools or when I look at you Cass
University applications for UCL, it does

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00:29:09,120 --> 00:29:13,710
appear occasionally and kids bring them to
school talks I do in order to start

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00:29:13,740 --> 00:29:18,180
getting signed. And things, which is
always very nice, but it's sad. I don't

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00:29:18,180 --> 00:29:22,350
have don't have a view of who actually
bought the books. And I don't think the

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publishers really know that either
actually.

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00:29:27,150 --> 00:29:30,990
Okay, I'm kind of would like to pass the
same question on first to Tom and then

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00:29:30,990 --> 00:29:37,560
also to Peter, so who does you have a
feeling for? I mean, I'm part of some

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sense, you know, my students are taking
part in these master classes too. But, you

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00:29:41,160 --> 00:29:45,240
know, what? Germany, also the school
system is, you know, split into different

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00:29:45,240 --> 00:29:50,100
kinds of schools, you know, are you mainly
reaching nauseum? So the more academic

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00:29:50,100 --> 00:29:55,620
schools are with the master classes, for
example, but also the other parts, you

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00:29:55,620 --> 00:29:57,900
know what? People you're reaching

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00:29:58,800 --> 00:30:04,920
Yes. So the master class are targeting
high school students. So grade 11 and 12

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are starting with 10 but not younger kids.
And now in this new project, there are

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00:30:10,620 --> 00:30:16,380
also approaches to target already younger
kids, this is done by the happy monster.

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And what we know especially from the
Fellow Program, our testimonials, what we

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have from this program, some from people,
either girls or boys saying that they

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really they struggled hard in their first
semester at university but they had the

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self concept and gained in during their
work in that sector in virtue of the

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master class. And they were already
convinced that they would be able to

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finish the study and this really this
experience in the in the outreach

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00:30:57,240 --> 00:31:06,000
activities help them to stay in In the
university courses and to spy for the

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00:31:06,000 --> 00:31:07,320
first half semesters

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00:31:09,690 --> 00:31:15,060
and so the same questions sometimes beta
when you said you know the museum

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00:31:15,090 --> 00:31:20,220
dramatically increase the number of
visitors but wasn't mainly locals or do

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00:31:20,220 --> 00:31:23,670
they have a broader audience for during
the balloon festival anyway or?

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00:31:24,960 --> 00:31:30,300
Well, the audience was not just during the
balloon festival. It's just a one week

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00:31:30,300 --> 00:31:38,730
period, but they had an increased over the
the exhibition started in May 2019 at the

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00:31:38,730 --> 00:31:44,850
building safer zone in January 2020. So
that's a it's not related. They managed to

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also get school clauses in because they
had something that was covered locally and

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00:31:49,650 --> 00:31:53,430
10 local school classes so school clubs
from neighboring villages, so not too far

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00:31:53,430 --> 00:32:00,000
away. Day events to that place and got
fascinated as well. So the trick itself

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00:32:00,000 --> 00:32:04,650
thing that didn't exist before. And this
is I think the most important aspect of

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00:32:04,650 --> 00:32:11,010
it. All of the South node is physics hat
has been seen as this is real, this is

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00:32:11,010 --> 00:32:16,440
something that affects us. This is
something that we can relate to, and that

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00:32:16,440 --> 00:32:23,970
we believe this is wrong you also to Beth,
about her gender discrimination she has

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00:32:23,970 --> 00:32:30,510
been talking about. I do believe that
physics suffers from being seen as just a

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00:32:30,510 --> 00:32:36,000
technical subject, but not as a subject
that is philosophically enriching because

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00:32:36,000 --> 00:32:44,640
it adds up to a deep understanding, not
just of Above all, going down as some

354
00:32:44,640 --> 00:32:51,120
slippery slope, but it's it tells you why
the sky is blue or why decide plants to be

355
00:32:51,120 --> 00:32:59,010
green. Or this is an innovator is physics
behind it gives you a deep understanding

356
00:32:59,040 --> 00:33:03,270
of the unit. First of all, no, but I think
that aspect is not understood and not

357
00:33:03,270 --> 00:33:09,240
known and not conveyed as cool and not
brought into the general understanding of

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00:33:09,240 --> 00:33:13,050
what it is what we do early from an early
age on.

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00:33:14,910 --> 00:33:20,850
Maybe one one comment, Michael, before,
you know, I'd like for you to jump in,

360
00:33:20,970 --> 00:33:25,860
because we're actually reaching the time
where the plenary starts again. So I just

361
00:33:25,860 --> 00:33:31,500
wanted to mention quickly that there is
another outreach session tomorrow at the

362
00:33:31,500 --> 00:33:37,290
same time quarter to three where we have a
little bit more time for discussions. And

363
00:33:37,380 --> 00:33:44,250
there's also some outreach posters at the
poster session which is later today. So if

364
00:33:44,550 --> 00:33:49,740
just to mention as the plenary starts
again, we can go on happily. But for those

365
00:33:49,740 --> 00:33:53,400
that want to leave, I just wanted to bring
that up. Now

366
00:33:54,600 --> 00:34:01,680
want to add something to our times Peter
said because what we offered To the

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00:34:01,680 --> 00:34:09,510
exhibition is over the junior scientists
program, which is a treasure hunt in the

368
00:34:09,510 --> 00:34:14,400
exhibition, so this was put out to the
students and his children, which is

369
00:34:14,400 --> 00:34:21,030
explicitly created for smaller children.
And which explains in the treasure hunt

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00:34:21,030 --> 00:34:30,270
way. The science, we set up in some
creative art activities. So it's, it's not

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00:34:30,270 --> 00:34:34,350
just that not just have to read the text
and learn about it, but they had to make

372
00:34:34,350 --> 00:34:39,030
it a treasure hunt in the exhibition. It's
one I just want to do

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00:34:39,960 --> 00:34:40,590
it as well.

374
00:34:44,370 --> 00:34:44,910
Thank you.

375
00:34:46,350 --> 00:34:55,890
Okay, any other comments, questions? If
not, then as I said, tomorrow's another

376
00:34:55,890 --> 00:35:02,400
session. And thank you very much for all
panelists. lists slash speakers of today.

377
00:35:03,360 --> 00:35:07,410
Thank you very much for contributing.
Hopefully we'll see you again tomorrow. In

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00:35:07,410 --> 00:35:11,340
the outreach session, you can join the
discussion there as well, if you can.

379
00:35:14,430 --> 00:35:15,630
Yeah, and I think

380
00:35:17,940 --> 00:35:20,430
that's it for this first ever,

381
00:35:20,760 --> 00:35:26,880
online only online verification. And as I
said, there's also poster session with

382
00:35:26,880 --> 00:35:33,420
some nice outreach related posters from
various experiments and projects. So you

383
00:35:33,420 --> 00:35:35,970
might want to check that out later.

384
00:35:37,200 --> 00:35:37,950
Today,

385
00:35:38,399 --> 00:35:43,379
let me actually see you it starts
officially at 645. And it's also going to

386
00:35:43,379 --> 00:35:49,019
be interesting. Doing it online only wise.
So even for that experience, it might be

387
00:35:49,019 --> 00:35:50,819
worth having a look at.

388
00:35:52,200 --> 00:35:54,240
Okay, thanks, everyone. That's

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00:35:54,240 --> 00:35:55,560
brilliant sharing. Sasha.

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00:35:57,540 --> 00:35:59,970
Thanks all. Bye bye. Bye bye.